Biology EOCT Review 1

What are the three parts of a DNA nucleotide?

• Amine group, R group, & carboxyl group
• fatty acid, glycerol, & alcohol group
• phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, & nitrogen base
• sterol ring, six carbon sugar, & alcohol group

What makes up the genetic code in DNA?

• the phosphate group
• the nitrogen bases
• the deoxyribose sugar
• the ribose sugar

What are the bases that can be found in DNA?

• adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine
• thymine, cytosine, phosphate, guanine
• cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine
• guanine, thymine, uracil, cytosine

How is do RNA and DNA differ?

• DNA contains adenine, RNA contains thymine
• DNA contains a sugar and RNA does not
• DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded
• DNA is found in the cytoplasm, RNA is only in the nucleus

If you were to compare the DNA of a human, an elephant, a tree, and an E. coli bacteria, you would find ____________.

• Each organism's DNA is made of identical genes.
• Each organism's DNA is made of the same bases.
• Each organism's DNA is the same length.
• Each organism's DNA is contained in a nucleus. 

The synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template is called ____________.

• transcription
• replication
• translation
• synthesis

The synthesis of an RNA strand from a DNA template is called __________.

• transcription
• replication
• translation
• synthesis

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the growing peptide chain?

• mRNA
• rRNA
• tRNA
• dRNA

Transcription takes place in the ___________, while translation takes place in the __________.

• cytoplasm; nucleus
• mitochondria; chloroplast
• nucleus; cytoplasm
• cell membrane; cellular matrix

This picture shows that:

• The DNA code and the RNA code are identical.
• DNA from two different organisms can be combined.
• Only part of DNA actually codes for proteins.
• We need genetic engineering to survive.