Ecology Quiz 3 Review

A species is termed invasive when

• it has been introduced to an ecosystem by humans and causes harm.

• it originated in its location naturally, without involvement of humans.

Invasive species introductions can have significant impacts on native biodiversity.

• True

• False

Check all that apply.

Invasive species...

• flourish in a new environment due to lack of predators, diseases or resource limitations.

• often have broad ecological niches.

• disrupt native ecosystems.

• are not a concern for ecologists.

Invasive species often reproduce rapidly in a new ecosystem due to the lack of parasites and predators that would naturally control their population. What type of growth model would a successful invasive species population likely display when introduced into a non native ecosystem?

• Patterned growth

• Logistic growth

• Exponential growth

• Adolescent growth

The larvae of the ________________ consumes the living tissue of ash trees. This disrupts the flow of nutrients that rise up from the roots of the tree to the crown of the tree, resulting in tree death within a few years.

• Snakehead

• Emerald Ash Borer

• Chestnut Blight

• Brown Tree Snake

To avoid interspecific competition, species often do not utilize all of their possible niche. The part of a niche that a species actually uses is called its ___________.

• fundamental niche

• reduced niche

• realized niche

• symbiotic niche

Where on Earth is species richness generally highest?

• Tropics

• Polar

• Mid-latitudes

• No way to tell

Which of the following statements about symbiotic relationships is true?

• in a parasitic relationship, both organisms are harmed

• symbiotic organisms have usually undergone coevolution as the relationship developed.

• a mutualistic relationship results in the harming of one species to the benefit of another

• the most common type of parasite is one that kills its host very quickly.

Tapeworms are segmented flatworms that attach themselves to the insides of the intestines of animals such as cows, pigs, and humans. They get food by eating the host's partly digested food, depriving the host of nutrients. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

• mutualism

• parasitism

• commensalism

• all of the above

Endosymbiotic theory proposes that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free living prokaryotic cells. These prokaryotes invaded larger cells, where they provided nutrients and energy for the eukaryotic cell. In turn, they received protection and a stable environment in which to live. Over time this became a permanent partnership. Which type of symbiotic relationship does this describe?

• parasitism

• commensalism

• mutualism

• all of the above