American Imperialism

The differences in maritime shipping distances before and after the Panama Canal open were dramatic. Before the Panama Canal the route around South America was called the Magellan Straits. Distance from the West Coast of the US and the East Coast of the US was drastically reduced, as was the distance from the US West Coast to Europe.

What was the main effect of the changes describe above on the western United States?

• Immigration from Europe to western U.S. Cities increased rapidly.

• Western US businesses traded more efficiently with the East Coast and Europe.

• Asian businesses bypassed the West Coast to trade directly with the East Coast.

• Western states recruited guest workers from the Caribbean and South America.

Which outcome was an important effect of the 1898 event illustrated by this map?

• Increased US foreign aid to the developing countries in South America

• Increased US public support for the construction of a canal through Central America

• Decreased US economic influence in the Western Hemisphere

• Decreased US naval presence in the Caribbean Sea

1. Puerto Rico
2. Virgin Islands
3. American Samoa
4. Wake Island

Which of the above named territories did the United States gain by winning the Spanish-American War?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points supported Poland by calling for its-

• establishment as a Soviet satellite nation

• annexation by Great Britain

• establishment as an independent nation

• inclusion in one of the larger empires

Puerto Rico

o ____________________________?_______________________________

o Residents granted US citizenship in 1917

o Governors have been elected by popular vote since 1948

o adopted both a constitution and commonwealth status in 1952

Which of the following best replaces the question mark in this list of information about Puerto Rico?

• Became a US state during the Reconstruction Era

• Was ceded to the United States as a result of the Spanish-American War

• Signed an annexation treaty with the United States after World War I

• Was promised US military protection as part of Woodrow Wilson's fourteen Points

To His Excellency William Mckinley, President, and the Senate, of the United States of America...

We, the undersigned, native Hawaiian citizens... who are members of the Hawaiian Patriotic League of the Hawaiian Islands, and others who are in sympathy with the said League, earnestly protest against the... [addition] of the said Hawaiian Islands to the said United States of America in any form or shape. ^{-Petition, 1897-}

What were these Hawaiian citizens protesting?

• The forced annexation of the islands as a US territory after the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy

• The classification of the islands as a protectorate after the Hawaiian government signed a treaty with the United States

• The granting of US statehood to the islands after they were purchased from the Hawaiian monarch

• The colonization of the islands by political refugees from the United States

This 1917 illustration was published as a commentary on a proposed piece of legislation. Which of the following best replaces the question mark in the illustration?

• Sundry Civil Bill

• Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill

• Standard Time Act

• Espionage Act

Whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully... utter, print, write, or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language about the form of government of the United States... shall be punished by a fine of not more than 10,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both... ^{-Espionage Act, May 1918-}

This law demonstrates that at one time the federal government was willing to-

• suspend habeas corpus

• confiscate privately owned weapons

• force people into internment camps

• suspend freedom of speech

This cartoon comments on tactics used to-

• secure the southern border of California

• protect shipping lanes in the Great Lakes

• create a defensive alliance with France

• obtain control of the Panama Canal Zone

In 1890, Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, a lecturer in naval history and the president of the United States Naval War College, published The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783, a revolutionary analysis of the importance of naval power as a factor in the rise of the British Empire. Two years later, he completed a supplementary volume, The Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire, 1973- 1812.

^{- Milestones: 1866-1898, Office of the Historian, US Department of State, history-}

Mahan's books influenced US efforts to become a world power primarily by-

• advocating overseas expansion

• emphasizing the need for protectionists tariffs

• demonstrating the political risks of foreign trade

• arguing against forming overseas alliances