ES Review # 2013

Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?

• The speed of Earth is constant regardless of its distance from the sun

• The speed of Earth is constant because the distance remains the same between Earth and the sun

• Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun and decreases the closest it is to the sun

• Speed increases the closer Earth is to the sun and decreases the farther is it from the sun

If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?

• Earth has changed the tilt of the axis by 20 degrees due to its revolution

• It is winter in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis

• It is summer in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis

• Earth has reached its closest point to the sun due to its revolution

How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?

• it produces the greatest change in high and low tides

• It produces the least change in high and low tides

• It produces semidiurnal tides

• It produces diurnal

Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?

• Nuclear fission is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars, and nuclear fusion splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei.

• Nuclear fission splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei, and nuclear fusion is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars.

• Nuclear fission produces the energy in the core of Earth, and nuclear fusion produces energy in nuclear power plants

• Nuclear fission produces energy in nuclear power plants, and nuclear fusion produces the energy in the core of Earth.

How does heat from the sun get to Earth?

• by radiation, using electromagnetic waves to transfer the heat

• by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer the heat

• by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat

• by absorption, using primary waves to transfer the heat

Why do green plants require solar energy?

• to produce their own food

• to absorb nitrogen into their roots

• to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

• to decompose the dead or decaying remains of animals

Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?

• a continental volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates

• a continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates

• a mid-ocean ridge, due to the separation of two plates

• an ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates

Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface of Earth?

• an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5

• an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5

• an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5

• an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5

Scientists are studying a graph showing the time differences between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves as they travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from the graph?

• the magnitude of an earthquake

• the duration of an earthquake

• the epicenter of an earthquake

• the intensity of an earthquake

Which agent if erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes?

• ice

• wind

• water

• gravity