Integrating and Blending Quotations

These can be used to introduce a quotation after an introductory sentence or phrase.  (a)  

• colons
• semi-colons
• commas
• brackets

Use these when you want to leave out any words in a quotation.  (a)  

• Ellipses
• Quotation marks 
• Brackets
• Parentheses

He describes the bird as "cheerily chirping in the early day" (Owen 6).

• The period should go inside the quotation mark.

• The "C" in "cheerily" should be capitalized.

• There should be a comma between Owen and "6" in the parentheses.

• No change: the sentence is correct.

In this poem, Auden poses a question to the reader: "Will Time say nothing but I told you so?" (18).

Is the question mark inside the quotation correct?

• It's wrong, and needs to be at the end.

• It's wrong: there is double punctuation.

• It's right, the question mark is part of the original quote.

• It's right: the question mark is part of the writer's thought not the author's.

If you are only discussing one work throughout an essay you don't have to write the author after each and every quotation. (a)  

• True
• False

When you alter, change or add anything within the quotation you must include these alterations within (a)  

• Square brackets
• Rounded parentheses
• Commas
• Colons

According to McKenzie, "The failures of the previous administration are too many to count" (34).

• There should not be a comma after McKenzie.

• The "T" in the the should be lowercase.

• The period belongs inside the quotation marks.

• The author's name is missing from the parentheses.

Any words which are not your own should be enclosed within these (a)  

• Quotation Marks 
• Commas
• Brackets
• Parentheses

Why is it important to insert citations/quotes into our writing?

• So that your writing can look fancy.

• They are important to support and provide evidence for your conclusions or opinions.

• They are great because you just get to copy from a source.

• They actually are not even needed.

One way to integrate/blend a quote, is to only use a short phrase and insert it as part of your own sentence. In order to do this, you would...

• insert a comma between your words and the quote, and capitalize the beginning of the quote - ex.: As Lennie held onto Curley's hand he started, "Flopping like a fish" (63). 
• punctuate the sentence as if the words were all your own - so you wouldn't need a comma in between your words and the words in the quote, and you would not capitalize the beginning of the quote - ex: As Lennie held onto Curley's hand he started "flopping like a fish" (63).