Human Impact on Ocean Ecosystems

What is one way humans are trying to positively impact the ocean?

• Fishing

• Creating artificial reefs

• Harvesting oil and natural gas

• Transporting goods in ocean vessels

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This graph shows the sources of the nitrogen entering the Gulf of Mexico as pollution. What is one conclusion you can make based on the information in the graph?

• Nitrogen that comes from the atmosphere is more harmful than nitrogen that comes from crops.

• Most nitrogen pollution found in the Gulf of Mexico comes from farming crops.

• Corn and soybeans are the only crops associated with nitrogen pollution.

• Nitrogen is not a problem in the Gulf of Mexico.

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Which of the following is NOT a source of pollution in the ocean?

• Nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers used on land.

• Oils found on city streets.

• Sand drifting along the bottom of the ocean floor.

• Emissions from gas-burning vehicles.

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How do oceans regulate the climate?

• Currents move water that heats or cools the atmosphere, around the world.

• Ocean waves create winds.

• Oceans prevent clouds from forming.

• Currents move the atmosphere from place to place.

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The largest source of pollution in the ocean comes from __________.

• Oil Spills

• Acid Rain

• Runoff

• Wind

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How are phytoplankton similar to small trees?

• Both are at the top of the food chain

• Both conduct photosynthesis

• Both grow in soil

• Both are about the same size

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Which process is the ocean primarily responsible for in the water cycle?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Transpiration

• Precipitation

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The diagram below shows the relationship between some of the organisms in a marine food web. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to happen if a large number of phytoplankton are killed from runoff entering the ocean?

• The number of porpoises would probably stay the same because porpoises are far removed from phytoplankton in the food web

• The number of zooplankton would probably increase because they wouldn’t have to compete with phytoplankton for food.

• The number of salmon would probably decrease because there would be less food available for zooplankton and herring.

• The Sun would probably not emit as much energy because there would not be as many phytoplankton in the ocean.

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Which organisms are the basis of a marine food web?

• Crabs

• Photoplankton

• Fish

• Zooplankton

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Which of the following is associated with dead zones in the ocean?

• A decrease in nitrogen levels.

• An increase in oxygen levels.

• An increase in the number of fish.

• Runoff from fertilizers.

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