AQA Biology Paper 2

What are the function of enzymes in genetic engineering?

• A They are used to aid the digestion of the chromosomes
• B They are inserted into chromosomes in replacement of genes
• C They are used to cut desired genes from chromosomes
• D They are used to catalyse the reactions

Name an example of a vector and its use in genetic engineering

• A Enzyme and it is used to cut a chromosome
• B Bacteria, it is the desirable gene from a chromosome
• C Plasmid, it is used to insert a gene into a required cell
• D Plasmid, and it is used to cut a chromosome

What makes an organism ‘genetically modified’?

• A It has had extra chromosomes inserted
• B It has had extra genes added
• C It has had a gene replaced by a different gene
• D It has different alleles to another animal of the same species.

Which of the below is a concern related to genetic modification of crops?

• A They have higher yields
• B They may cross pollinate with wild plant populations
• C They are resistant to pests
• D They produce bigger fruits

Which individuals are most likely to survive to reproduce?

• A Individuals that are well suited to their environment
• B Individuals that are poorly suited to their environment
• C Individuals that have no immunity to new diseases
• D Individuals that have a restricted and small food supply

What is the theory for natural selection?

• A Organisms that are well suited to their environment will go on to reproduce
• B Organisms that are not well adapted to their environment will go on to reproduce
• C Organisms that are well suited to their environment are likely to become extinct
• D Organisms, over their life time, will adapt and pass on these characteristics in their genes to their young

For what reason may an organism become extinct?

• A An increase in food supply
• B A new predator
• C A developed resistance to a disease
• D An increase in territory

In what ways may fossils be formed?

• A From parts of organisms that have not decayed
• B When parts of the organisms are replaced by minerals
• C As preserved traces of organisms eg footprints
• D All of the above

Which of the following shows the correct genus and species of a Orang Utan?

• A Mammal, Pongo
• B pongo pygmaeus
• C Pongo pygmaeus
• D Chordate, Pongo.

Which of the following groups contain primitive unicellular organisms that live in extreme conditions?

• A Bacteria
• B Chordates
• C Archaea
• D Eukaryota