EOC review homeostasis

Bioenergetics is the study of how energy flows through organisms and biological systems. In bioenergetics, net energy is the difference between the amount of energy invested in a process and the amount of energy the process adds to the organism or system. Which activity will leave a bear with a positive net energy?

• climbing

• hibernating

• eating a fish

• digging a den

Which type of cell uses the greatest amount of the ATP it produces to maintain the proper sodium and potassium levels in its cytoplasm?

• blood cell

• muscle cell

• nerve cell

• sperm cell

Why do endotherms consume much more food per unit body weight than ectotherms?

• Endotherm cells have higher rates of active transport.

• Endotherms have higher rates of cell growth and division.

• Endotherms use more energy hunting and capturing food.

• Endotherms use more energy to maintain body temperature.

To maintain homeostasis, materials have to move across cell membranes. Some examples of these movements are listed below.

1.Amoeba consuming a bacterium

2.Somatic cell absorbing cholesterol from the blood

3.Brain neuron taking up glucose from the blood

4.Paramecium absorbing water from its surroundings

5.Pancreatic cell secreting insulin into the blood

• 1, 2, and 5

• 1, 3, and 5

• 2, 3, and 4

• 3, 4, and 5

Cells in the roots of plants contain a higher concentration of minerals than the soil. Root cells take in minerals that plants need for growth and development. Which BEST explains how minerals enter root cells from the surrounding soil?

• Minerals diffuse through pores in the cell membrane.

• Carrier molecules transport minerals by using energy.

• The cell membrane forms a pocket that carries minerals into the cell.

• Protein molecules bind to minerals transporting them into the cell.

If energy is needed to move materials into or out of a cell, what is most likely occurring?

• active transport

• passive transport

• osmosis

• diffusion

Why may snakes eat only once a week?

• They have small digestive tracts.

• They lack adequate available prey.

• They require large amounts of food.

• They require much less energy to maintain homeostasis.

Which process allows an amoeba to bring food inside to maintain cellular homeostasis?

• locomotion

• phagocytosis

• organogenesis

• photosynthesis

Which cellular components act to maintain cellular homeostasis using released energy?

• lipids in the cell membrane

• pores in the nuclear membrane

• transport proteins in the cell membrane

• ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

What effect will an animal’s eating less during hibernation most likely have on its maintenance of cellular homeostasis?

• There will be a great amount of cell damage due to less energy.

• Cells will maintain homeostasis only via the processes of osmosis and diffusion.

• Less energy will be available for use in active transport of molecules across cell membranes.

• The animal’s body will generate energy in other ways, because more cellular actions are required than when the animal is awake and active.