Progressive Era

17th Amendment

• Established a federal income tax.

• 1913, provides for the direct election of US senators by the people rather than by state legislatures.

• 1920, gives women the right to vote

• Outlawed slavery

19th Amendment

• 1920, gives women the right to vote

• created laws enacted by southern state and local governments to separate white and black people in public and private facilities.

• 1913, provides for the direct election of US senators by the people rather than by state legislatures.

• No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury

Muckrakers

• corrupt politicians

• term used to describe the ills of US politics

• businesses that outsource their labor to foreign countries

• journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s.

Upton Sinclair

• Elected President in 1908; supported safety standards for mines and railroads

• wrote "How the Other Half Lives" that told the public about the lives of the immigrants and those who lived in the tenement housing.

• Co-founded the NAACP to help secure legal equality for minority citizens.

• wrote "The Jungle", that portrays the dangerous and unhealthy conditions prevalent in the meat packing industry at that time.

Square Deal

• Teddy Roosevelt's progressive plan; involved trust-busting and conservation projects.

• Halted the sale of contaminated food and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling.

• made certain monopolistic business practices illegal and protected the rights of labor unions and farm organizations

• involved financial reform, increased government regulation of business.

Jim Crow Laws

• Laws enacted by men to keep women out of the workplace.

• Laws enacted to regulate interstate business.

• Laws enacted to conserve national resources.

• Laws enacted by southern state and local governments to separate white and black people in public and private facilities.

Ida B. Wells

• arrested for voting in 1872, women's rights leader

• co-founded NAACP, leading voice in social reform for African-Americans, spoke out against lynching

• Wisconsin's progressive governor that "cleaned up" state government from corruption and big business

• Democratic nominee for president in 1896 and 1900, supported by Populists

Third Party Movement

• major parties will usually adopted third party ideas if they draw significant support; will sway votes from major parties

• An organization founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality.

• A federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices.

• Established the modern banking system to regulate the money supply, set interest rates, etc.