IB SEHS Core Topics No4 Revision 1.0 to 6.0 M16

What type of joint is the ankle?

• Saddle joint

• Pivot joint

• Hinge joint

• Gliding joint

Which of the following bones has the movement of the body as its main function?

• Fibula

• Skull

• Coccyx

• Sternum

What is the main function of the knee joint ligament?

• To secrete synovial fluid

• To absorb shock

• To help with joint stability

• To provide a friction-free environment

Which component of the muscle is labelled X below?

• Perimysium

• Myofibril

• Sarcomere

• Muscle fibre

Which of the following applies to hemoglobin?

• It binds strongly to oxygen when there is a low partial pressure

• It is an iron compound

• It transports approximately 80 % of oxygen in the blood

• It is a component of white blood cells

Which of the following is the correct order for carbon dioxide moving from the pulmonary artery to

the atmosphere?

• trachea → larynx → nose

• alveoli → trachea → bronchi

• bronchi → trachea → bronchioles

• nose → trachea → bronchi

What does the elevated breathing rate after exercise allow the body to do?

• To stimulate the peripheral chemoreceptors

• To increase the pH of the blood

• To trigger the Hering-Breuer reflex

• To stimulate muscle proprioreceptors

Which of the following are correct statements about the pulmonary and systemic circulatory systems?

I. Pulmonary circulation is driven from the right ventricle to drop off carbon dioxide at the lungs.

II. Systemic circulation brings back oxygen from the lungs for the rest of the body.

III. The vena cava is involved with the systemic circulatory system.

IV. Pulmonary circulation has lower blood pressure than the systemic system.

• I only

• II and III only

• I, III and IV only

• I, II, III and IV

Which of the following is correct for an athlete who is exercising at a steady pace on flat terrain for a prolonged period of time?

• Stroke volume gradually decreases and submaximal heart rate gradually increases

• Cardiac output gradually decreases as they get used to the exercise load

• Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually decrease

• Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually increase

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of excitation of heart muscle?

• AV node → bundle of HIS → SA node

• SA node → AV node → bundle of HIS

• bundle of HIS → SA node → AV node

• AV node → SA node → bundle of HIS