Chapter 4 The Industrial Age

New technologies in the steel industry in the late 1800s led to increased productivity in the

• textile industry

• railroad industry

• oil industry

• electric industry

The Homestead Strike was a protest

• in Colorado demanding safer working conditions

• in Chicago demanding an eight hour workday

• against the Pullman Palace Car Company's unsafe working conditons

• against the Carnegie Steel Company's plan to cut jobs

The invention of the airplane led to increased demand for

• aluminum

• lumber

• oil

• coal

How did the labor force change during the Second Industrial Revolution?

• Machines eliminated the jobs of many skilled craftspeople

• Industries began to hire highly educated workers

• workers began to receive more benefits and higher wages

• experienced workers replaced children who had been working in mills.

Andrew Carnegie dealt with striking union workers at his Pennsylvania steel factory in 1892 by

• firing every worker and replacing them with machines

• firing half the workers and cutting pay for the rest

• locking workers out of the factory and hiring strike breakers

• agreeing to give workers higher wages

Of the following, which was an effect of the expansion of railroads across the United States?

• rapid city growth

• increasse in the price of steel

• decrease in interstate trade

• movement of city dwellers to the suburbs

Which of the following was an effect of factory specialization in the late 1800s?

• Workers repeated the same steps over and over again, becoming tired, bored, and more likely to be injured.

• Factories produced only a single product, putting owners at greater finanancial risk if product failed.

• Unions signed contracts with specific factories, eliminating violent conflicts over wages and working hours.

• Managers paid more attention to working conditions, attracting workers and creating greater competition for jobs.

Collective bargaining is the

• practice used by employers to find large groups of laborers

• practice used by employers to get the cheapest labor possible.

• idea that laborers working in groups are more productive in the workplace.

• idea that laborers acting together have a greater chance of success in negotiating with management

How did the telegraph differ from the telephone?

• The telegraph could work only in big cities

• The telegraph was much more expensive than the telephone

• The telegraph could carry only written messages

• The telegraph could not send messages over long distances

The telephone was the most well-known invention of

• Alexander Graham Bell

• Thomas Edison

• Henry Ford

• Grover Cleveland