Astronomy Quiz 03

Which statement is true about Newton's first law of motion?

• A body at rest stays at rest unless a force is applied to it

• A body in motion stays in motion unless a force is applied to it

• A body in motion has the tendency to come to a stop eventually

• Both A and B

The force that pulls an upward going ball back to the Earth and keeps the Moon in its orbit is called _______.

• Inertia

• Gravity

• Pressure

• Escape speed

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An astronaut feels weightlessness in space. The astronaut's mass in space is

• Zero

• The same as on the Earth

• Double than on the Earth

• Becoming lesser and lesser as s/he is going higher

If you are lucky enough to get a chance to visit different planets of our Solar System, which of the following statements will be true?

• Your weight will change, but your mass will remain the same

• Your mass will change, but your weight will remain the same

• Both your weight and mass will remain the same

• Both your weight and mass will change

The speed an object needs to move away from the gravitational pull of the Earth is called

• Orbital velocity

• Escape velocity

• Rotational velocity

• Random velocity

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Which of the following objects is experiencing the Earth's gravitational force?

• A boat floating in water

• An airplane taking-off

• A skydiver falling under the force of gravity

• All of the above

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Consider an apple falling off a tree. Which of the following apply to this situation?

• The apple is attracting the Earth

• The Earth is attracting the apple

• The Earth is attracting the apple; the apple is not attracting the Earth

• Only A and B apply

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Suppose that the Sun started shrinking in size, without losing any mass. What would be the effect of the Sun's change on the orbits of the planets?

• The orbits would become smaller in size

• The orbits would become larger

• The orbits would not be affected

• The planets would escape

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Newton's modification of Kepler's 3^rd law allows astronomers to determine the _____ of celestial objects.

• Mass

• Period

• Distance

• Acceleration

Larger planets (higher mass) in the solar system have higher orbital speeds because they are attracted more strongly by the Sun.

• True

• False

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