PM-Chapter Two

Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. Which approach describes the holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization?

• Linear analysis

• Systems thinking

• Reductionism

• Project Life Cycle

Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs?

• System context

• System analysis

• System thinking

• Predictive

Which perspective of an organization focuses on different groups’ roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management?

• Structural frame

• Human resources frame

• Political frame

• Symbolic frame

An organization usually commits more money as a project continues, therefore a management review should occur after each phase to evaluate progress, potential success, and continued compatibility with organizational goals.

• True

• False

Project managers should lead projects in isolation in order to truly serve the needs of the organization

• True

• False

Using a systems approach is critical to successful project management

• True

• False

The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people

• structural

• human resource

• political

• symbolic

The symbolic perspective of an organization

• focuses on different groups’ roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management

• views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups

• focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people

• focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

Grey’s Infotech sells customized hardware and software solutions for businesses. The salespeople for Grey’s have a strict dress code when meeting clients. They are required to wear dark business suits, in order to convey the company’s dedication to quality. The meaning conveyed to the clients’ through the salespeople’s clothing is part of the _____ frame of the organization.

• political

• symbolic

• structural

• human resource

In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines. Which type of organizational structure does Rizatti Corp have?

• project

• matrix

• symbolic

• functional