Period 2: 600 BCE-600 CE

India often lacked political unification; what provided unification throughout India?

• Buddhism

• Hinduism

• Christianity

• Islam

How did Hinduism justify the caste system?

• It was based off of the Vedic religious teachings.

• It was based off of the Buddhist teachings.

• It was based off of the teachings of Emperor Ashoka

• It was based off of the teachings of the Gupta Emperors.

During this time period, religion was primarily spread ____________.

• by the movement of slaves to the new world.

• by the independent development of religion in various parts of the world.

• differentiation of religious concepts.

• by the cultural diffusion along trade routes.

Interactions between Buddhism and Christianity primarly occurred

• along the Silk Road.

• under Roman rule.

• in Han China.

• along the Indian Ocean Trade Routes.

When comparing Athens and Sparta one can make the following claim:

• Athens was twice the size of Sparta

• Athens was an oligarchy

• Athens had a higher percentage of citizens

• Athens built its society around its army

In order to support the government and urban residents what can be said about the peasant population during period 2.

• Peasants were producing more grain than the population could eat.

• Peasants had their crops taken from them to support the urban residents and government.

• Peasants were at the top of most social hierarchies.

• Peasants were well provided for by the rest of society.

How was Buddhism different than the Hinduism?

• Offered woman and men the possibility of monastic life.

• Rejected the concept of reincarnation

• Rejected the caste system

• Rejected the patriarchy system

The Christian church social structure and the Buddhist giving more money to the male monks supports what assertion?

• The emergence of new religious traditions often challenged long-standing social norms.

• Religious traditions were unaffected by the rapidly changing social norms of the period.

• The codification of religious traditions reinforced existing social norms.

• Religious traditions and social norms were transformed by cross-cultural interactions.

Empires had what in common?

• military

• patriarchy system

• government bureauracies

• urban centers

What was the impact of Emperor Ashoka?

• creation of syncretic religions

• the acceptance of Hindu as the state religion

• religious tolerance

• Buddhism made the only acceptable religion