Ohio Government AIR Test Practice

What event brought about the adoption of the 25th Amendment?

• A. President Woodrow Wilson became seriously ill while in office, leaving his ability to perform the duties of president uncertain.

• B. President John F. Kennedy was assassinated and was succeeded by Vice President Johnson, who had heart problems himself.

• C. When President Franklin Roosevelt died in office, he was succeeded by Vice President Truman, leaving the office of the vice president vacant.

• D. President Ronald Reagan was injured in an assassination attempt and was incapacitated for a day, leaving presidential leadership uncertain.

During the 1920s, the manufacture, sale, transportation, import, or export of alcoholic beverages was illegal across the United States.

Why did it take the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the Constitution in 1933 to make alcohol manufacture, sale, transportation, importation, or exportation legal again?

• The states each had conflicting versions of the law.

• The Supreme Court refused to rule on the federal law banning alcohol.

• Congressional representatives knew they would lose votes if they reversed the original federal law.

• Alcohol was banned by an amendment to the Constitution, and only another amendment could repeal it. And, phohibition was difficult to enforce.

What was one change made by the 1851 Ohio Constitution that affected how the state was governed?

• The 1851 Ohio Constitution increased the power of the General Assembly.

• The 1851 Ohio Constitution limited the amount of debt the state could accumulate.

• The 1851 Ohio Constitution permitted the General Assembly to enact retroactive laws.

• The 1851 Ohio Constitution lifted a restriction on how the state could spend its tax funds.

The 20th Amendment, ratified in 1933, shortens the period between Election Day and the time when the president and members of Congress take office.

What situation made the 20th Amendment a practical improvement?

• The Electoral College needed more time to certify the results of the election.

• The public demanded more results from newly elected administrations and wanted the president and Congress to begin serving sooner.

• Better and faster transportation made the long delay between the election of a new president and the inauguration unnecessary.

• After the election, the outgoing president was eager to step down and hand over the heavy responsibility of the office to another leader.

Citizens must choose between a plan to build a new city auditorium or a plan to restore the old one. Supporters of the new auditorium claim that building a new auditorium would be more economical than restoring the old one.

In evaluating the credibility of this claim, citizens should pay particular attention to

• the number of performances held in the auditorium each year.

• the amount of money the supporters spend on promoting their position.

• the popularity of the supporters as community leaders.

• the projected cost data provided by architects and accountants.

A town council faces budget cuts and can no longer afford to pay for landscaping in town parks.

How could a citizen work within his or her own community to help the local government address this problem?

• by emailing Ohio’s congressional delegation to inform them of this issue

• by organizing a group of residents to volunteer for weekly park maintenance

• by requesting that the governor supply the town with state funds for park maintenance

• by running for a seat in the General Assembly with a promise to increase funding for local parks

Federalism is one of the basic principles established in the U.S. Constitution.

Describe how government in the United States reflects a federal structure.

• The US has different levels of government (national, state and local) with most power being held at the national level.

• States have most of the power in a federal system.

• The US is a unitary system of government.

• The Articles of Confederation allowed for power to be vested at the national level.

Why might lawmakers increase taxes and decrease government spending?

• to reduce unemployment

• to increase consumer spending

• to decrease the level of demand and slow the economy.

• to encourage corporate spending

Identify the perceived conflict of interest that led to the ratification of the 27th Amendment.

• Congress gave themselves a pay raise and this was perceived as being a conflict of interests.

• 18 year olds were given the right to vote.

• Slavery was banned.

• Income taxes were now constitutional as a result of the 27th amendment.

After the end of the Civil War, which goal did the federal government hope to accomplish during Reconstruction?

• extending rights to southern women

• establishing freedoms for former slaves

• ensuring political power for Southern Democrats

• guaranteeing southern white control over the social and economic condition of African-Americans