The Chemistry of Life

The graph activity of which enzyme decreases in both acidic and basic environments? 

• chymotrypsin
• cholinesterase
• pepsin
• papain

 Proteins have many different functions in a cell. Which of the following are possible functions of a protein?

• catalysts and building blocks of DNA
• enzymes and actively transports molecules across the cell membrane
• building blocks of DNA and structural components of cell membrane
• components of the cell membrane and main source of energy in cellular respiration

The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements?

•  Enzymes function best at a specific temperature
• The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
• The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action
• There is no connection between the two statements.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?

• carbohydrates
• lipids
• nucleic acids
• proteins

Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, which of the following do you predict would happen in the cell?

• The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction
• The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all
• The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell
• The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed

Which row in the chart below correctly pairs a food molecule with its building block?

• Row 1
• Row 2
• Row 3
• Row 4

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

In a chemical analysis of a sample of animal tissue, which element would most likely be found in the smallest quantity?

• hydrogen

• carbon

• iodine

• oxygen

In the enzyme-controlled reaction represented by the word equation below, which molecules are considered the substrate?

monosaccharide + monosaccharide → disaccharide + water

• monosaccharide and monosaccharide

• disaccharide and water

• monosaccharide and water

• monosaccharide and disaccharide

Which statement about enzymes is not correct?

• Enzymes are composed of polypeptide chains.

• Enzymes form a temporary association with a reactant.

• Enzymes are destroyed when they are used and must be synthesized for each reaction

• Enzymes are specific because of their shape and catalyze only certain reactions.

Most organisms contain

• organic compounds, only

• inorganic compounds, only

• both organic and inorganic compounds

• neither organic nor inorganic compounds