Ecology Review

The sequence that best illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem is

• sunlight → plant → wolf → rabbit

• plant → sunlight → rabbit → wolf

• sunlight → plant → rabbit → wolf

• wolf → rabbit → plant → sunlight

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Many biotic factors affect individuals in a population. An example of an organism being directly affected by a biotic factor is

• a squirrel cannot find a mate

• a flood washes away a maple tree

• a plant is in a dark room

• a chipmunk finds a rock pile to use for a home

Which level of the pyramid below is correctly paired with the type of organism that would most likely be found at that level in an ecosystem?

• Level A – producers

• Level B – carnivores

• Level C – herbivores

• Level D – decomposers

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The final consumers in many food webs are

• autotrophs

• hosts

• herbivores

• carnivores

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Autotrophs differ from heterotrophs in that only autotrophs

• require carbon dioxide for cellular respiration

• release oxygen as a product of cellular respiration

• synthesize nutrients using carbon dioxide and water

• break down sugars to assemble other molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Which population would be most immediately affected by the removal of the lizard population?

• sedges

• algae

• ants

• centipedes

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which sequence of organisms represents a food chain within this food web?

• tadpoles → algae → daphnia → back swimmers

• sedges → ants → frogs → kookaburras

• algae → daphnia → decayed material → bacteria

• dragonflies → sedges → ants → centipedes

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which sequence best represents the flow of energy through an ecosystem?

• Sun → green plants → herbivores → carnivores

• Sun → herbivores → producers → consumers

• green plants → carnivores → consumers → herbivores

• consumers → carnivores → herbivores → producers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An ecosystem is self-sustaining as long as organisms have sufficient quantities of energy, oxygen, minerals, and water. When organisms die, some of these materials are recycled back to plants in the ecosystem primarily through the activity of

• predators

• decomposers

• pathogens

• parasites

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Decomposers are necessary in a food chain because they

• manufacture food by photosynthesis

• return nutrients to the ecosystem

• absorb energy from the Sun

• produce organic nutrients

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3