Evolutionary Relationships

In a cladogram, when does a group of organisms branch off?

• when a new trait evolves
• when an ancestor becomes extinct
• when it is discovered
• hen it becomes large enough

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Sophie says dolphins and sharks look very similar, so they must be related. Jake disagrees, saying DNA evidence has shown that dolphins and other aquatic mammals are actually more closely related to the ancestors of modern hippos. Who is correct using the modern system of classification?

• Sophie is correct because dolphins look more like sharks than like hippos.
• Jake is correct because classification is based on evolutionary relationships.
• Both are correct because traditional and modern classifications can overlap.
• Neither is correct because neither is taking into account both the traditional and modern systems

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

According to the cladogram, which organisms are in the smallest clade with birds?

• crocodiles
• primates
• rodents and rabbits
• sharks

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Consider the cladogram. Which is the best description of the two organisms highlighted in pink?

• They are separated by two nodes.
• They share a recent common ancestor.
• They belong to the same species.
• They are ancestors of each other.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Scientists classify animals by their...

• Color
• Size
• Characteristics
• Sound

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The scientific name for an organism is made from the:

• class and family name
• genus and species name
• domain and kingdom name
• kingdom and phylum name

The sequence of heritable changes that occurred among species since the origin of life on Earth

• Diversity

• Fossil record

• Evolutionary history

• Anatomy

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What is a difference between a rodent and a shark?

• Sharks have something in common with primates, but rodents do not.

• Sharks are more closely related to primates than rodents.

• Sharks have bony skeletons.

• Rodents have bony skeletons.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What do pigeons have in common with lizards?

• Mammary glands

• Claws

• Feathers

• Fur

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A homology is something that is similar in all of the following EXCEPT –

• Structure

• Size

• Position

• Evolutionary origin

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