Lesson 5: How do Matter and Energy Move Through an Ecosystem?

What do all food chains have in common?

• They are all made up of the same organisms in different orders

• They all produce and use the same amount of energy.

• They all have more consumers than producers.

• They all begin with a producer.

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What does a food web show?

• Energy is lost between levels in an ecosystem.

• Consumers eat more than one kind of food.

• Energy goes all different directions in an ecosystem.

• Energy in a food web always flows towards decomposers

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Look at the key in the top right corner of the above diagram. Label all three arrows with the name of the matter that each one represents. Be sure to analyze the direction of the arrows in the diagram.

• The grey arrow is carbon dioxide, the purple arrow is oxygen and the brown arrow is carbon.

• The grey arrow is oxygen, the purple arrow is carbon dioxide and the brown arrow is carbon.

• The grey arrow is carbon, the purple arrow is oxygen and the brown arrow is carbon dioxide.

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The rabbit in the diagram above is which kind of organism.

• decomposer

• producer

• consumer

• none of the above

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Since humans can eat foods from many different ecosystems, they are....

• considered to be producers

• part of a simple food chain

• not counted as consumers

• part of many food webs

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How are food webs related to food chains?

• food webs consist of overlapping food chains

• food chains occur on land whereas food chains occur in water

• food chains are made up of individual food webs

• food chains produce energy for food webs

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Why is the base of an energy pyramid larger than the top?

• organisms at the top producer energy for organisms at the bottom.

• . Energy is converted into matter to form larger organisms at the top

• Energy is lost as heat at each level so less energy is available at the top

• Organisms at the top use less energy than organisms at the bottom.

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Living things obtain ______ from their environment and release ______ back into it.

• waste, energy

• waste, matter

• matter, waste

• energy, sunlight

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The king cobra of southeast Asia is one of the longest poisonous snakes in the world. Its favorite foods are other snakes, but it will also eat mice, rats, and lizards. Based on its diet, how would you describe the king cobra’s connections to other animals in its food web?

• It eats a wide variety of producers, as do other first-stage consumers

• It is a producer and so begins a food chain.

• It decomposes both producers and consumers, releasing matter back into the environment as waste and heat.

• It eats a wide variety of consumers to meet its energy needs, but doesn’t eat producers.

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Americans may not live in the ocean or in a tropical rainforest, but they consume food from those ecosystems. Chocolate comes from cacao beans that grow in rainforests. Tuna salad comes from tuna that live in the ocean. How do Americans fit into the food chains and food webs of these ecosystems?

• Humans are part of many food chains, but only one food web.

• Humans are the highest-level consumers in many food webs because we eat food from around the world.

• Humans are only consumers in the ecosystems where they currently live.

• D. Humans are both consumers and producers in many food webs, because we grow energyplants.

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