Practice test on Enlightenment thinkers

What philosopher is credited with developing the concept of natural rights?

• Denis Diderot

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

The natural rights of life, liberty, and property were key ideas to what man's philosophies?

• Jean-Jacques

• Rousseau Montesquieu

• John Locke

• Voltaire

For what form of government did Jean-Jacques Rousseau advocate in his essay The Social Contract?

• democracy

• absolute monarchy

• limited monarchy

• republican

With which idea would an Enlightenment philosopher most likely agree?

• The right to rule comes from God.

• The right to rule comes from the people.

• A strong military is needed to keep people in line.

• Tradition and custom should guide decisions made by a government.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke supported which idea about society?

• People should have a say in who rules over them.

• Feudalism is the ideal political and social structure.

• The solar system is based on the geocentric model.

• Kings and queens should govern by divine right.

Philosophers during the Enlightenment period focused on which idea?

• changing the relationship between the government and the people

• supporting the kings and queens in any way necessary

• accepting the Catholic Church as the supreme authority over individuals

• spreading the beliefs of Christianity throughout Europe

Why did Baron de Montesquieu believe governments should be split into different branches?

• to prevent any branch of government from becoming too powerful

• to encourage the government to work faster and make better laws

• to keep the military and the government separate

• to reduce the chance the people would elect a bad leader

On what idea did the Enlightenment philosophers, such as John Locke and Montesquieu, believe government decisions should be based?

• the divine right of monarchs

• the laws of nature and reason

• the beliefs of the Catholic Church

• the values and traditions of the past

Which Enlightenment thinker believed all humans were born with natural rights, or rights belonging to all, therefore presented a challenge to absolutism?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Baron de Montesquieu

What idea is represented by this chart?

• freedom of speech

• freedom of the press

• check and balances

• social contract theory