Interaction of Spheres

Coastlines often do not have extreme winters as areas inland. Why?

• Warm ocean waters transfer heat to the air above them, this warm air flows over coastal areas, but cannot reach areas inland.

• Warm ocean currents only flow east to west and cannot reach inland areas.

• Cold ocean currents only flow east to west and cannot reach inland areas.

• Cold ocean waters cool the air above them, the cool air flows over coastal areas, but cannot reach the areas inland.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The surface of the oceans are warmer and the deeper ocean waters are cooler. Ocean currents are a result of.......

• salt in the ocean

• uneven heating of Earth

• icebergs in the ocean

• ocean tides

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Earth’s surface is not warmed evenly. During the day, land areas warm up faster than nearby bodies of water. How does the air over the land move?

• The warmer air over the land would transfer energy to the cooler air by conduction, leading to a uniform air temperature.

• The cooler air over the water would absorb water vapor and rise, causing precipitation.

• The cooler, denser air above the water flows toward the warmer, less dense air above the land, causing a sea breeze.

• The warmer, less dense air above the land rises and cools. Then this denser air rushes down causing a land breeze.

During a summer day on the beach, the sand on the beach and the air temperature feel hot, but the ocean water feels cold. At night, why would the ocean water be warmer than the air?

• The heat from the air transfers to the water during the night, making the water warmer than it was during the day.

• Air stays warmer longer than water so your body is warm when you jump into the water.

• As a cool breeze blows off the water onto the land, the water warms up.

• Air changes temperature faster than water, so the water is warmer and the air is much cooler than it was during the day.

El Niño is an event which causes extreme weather. During El Niño event, the jet stream shifts southward. Which change will El Niño event most likely cause?

• drier than usual weather in the southern United States

• warmer than usual temperatures in the northern United States

• colder temperatures in the southern United States

• drier than usual weather in the northern United States

The temperature inside of Walmart is 26 *C. When the sliding door opens you feel the wave of heat coming into the store. Which of the following temperatures could result from heat being transferred into the shopping cart room?

• 0 °C

• 10 °C

• 20 °C

• 30 °C

A large piece of a glacier broke off into the ocean. What is expected to happen to the ocean water? Which of the following heat transfers would you predict will occur?

• Heat will flow from the ice to the water.

• Cold will flow from the water to the ice

• Heat will flow from the water to the ice.

• Cold will flow from the ice to the water.

Convection is one way in which energy is transferred in the form of heat throughout Earth’s atmosphere. Which statement below is the best example of energy transferred by convection?

A.

B.

C.

D.

• energy transfer from the Sun to Earth through space

• energy transfer from the water in the oceans to the sand on beaches

• energy transfer from the surface of soil to the air molecules in contact with the soil

• energy transfer from lower levels of the atmosphere to higher levels of the atmosphere

Airplanes often take advantage of the jet stream. What are jet streams?

• large air masses that flow over Earth’s surface

• narrow bands of strong winds high in the atmosphere

• steady, warm breezes

• cold, moist air sinking in the atmosphere

Desertification leads to desert-like conditions of the landscape. Which of the following human activities would best prevent desertification?

• Manage water supplies and usage

• Practice deforestation

• Allow animals to graze in deforested areas

• Build more roads