Chapter 12 Review

What was one important effect of the Columbian exchange?

• rapid decline in European population

• economic instability in China and Japan

• spread of Hinduism into India

• introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas

One reason Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztecs was that

• Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence.

• Spanish had more soldiers.

• Spain teamed up with the Incas

• Spain had better military technology

What was the direct result of the Atlantic slave trade on West Africa?

• Animism was no longer practices in Africa.

• European factories moved to Africa

• Europeans trained African militaries

• Many West African declined in population

The journeys of Vasco da Gama, Ferdinand Magellan, and Christopher Columbus became possible in the late 1400s because of the

• support of exploration by the English government

• effects of the Atlantic Slave trade

• trade connections established by Ibn Battuta

• development of new navigational instruments and technology

A study of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations

• relied on mechanized agricultural techniques

• carried on extensive trade in crops with each other

• relied on a single-crop economy

• adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques

The Aztec calendar and the Maya use of zero both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas

• traded extensively with Africa

• made advances in mathematics and science

• declined because of invasion and disease

• converted to Islam

The Aztec and Incan civilizations were unable to defend themselves against the aggression and weaponry of the

• Spanish

• Portuguese

• Chinese

• English

The African slave trade delivered the majority of slaves to

• New France

• British America

• Mexico

• Caribbean Islands & Brazil

Magellan’s voyage around the world in 1519 resulted in

• the further spreading of Protestantism.

• Spanish claims in the Pacific.

• a visit to the Forbidden City.

• a knighthood for Magellan upon his return.

A significant effect of the Columbian Exchange was that

• European power declined

• American disease spread to Europe

• World population declined

• American foods were introduced to European diets.