Changes in Energy

A scientist performed an experiment during which she measured the energy transferred in each step of her experiment. The total quantity of energy transferred in all of the steps was less than the amount she measured at the beginning. What is the most likely explanation for this result?

• The experiments created energy that was then used up at a faster rate.

• Some energy was transformed into unwanted heat or sound that was not detected.

• The steps in the experiment required more energy than was available.

• Energy was destroyed during certain steps in the experiment.

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A hockey player uses her stick to hit a hockey puck. Which statement describes the energy transfer?

• Energy is transferred from the puck to the player.

• Energy is transferred from the stick to the puck.

• Energy is transferred from the player to the puck.

• Energy is transferred from the stick to the player.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The picture shows a spring toy moving down steps.

What happens to the energy of the toy?

• The potential energy of the toy is greatest while the toy is falling.

• The kinetic energy of the toy is greatest when the toy is finished falling.

• Some kinetic energy of the toy changes to potential energy as the toy falls down the steps.

• Some of the potential energy of the toy changes to kinetic energy as the toy falls down the steps.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A cold block of metal is placed in contact with a warm block of metal. Which type of energy will be transferred between the blocks?

• electrical energy

• mechanical energy

• thermal energy

• chemical energy

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What energy transformation takes place when a hair dryer is used?

• Electrical energy is transformed to thermal energy and sound energy.

• Electrical energy is transformed to thermal energy, sound energy, and mechanical energy.

• Energy from the sun is transformed to chemical energy.

• Sound energy is transformed to thermal energy and electrical energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Some people use solar water heaters in their homes. A tank is attached on the roof, where the sun warms the water in the tank. Pipes transfer water from the tank to the taps in the home. What energy inputs are needed for this system?

• energy from the sun to warm the water in the tank

• energy from the sun to warm the water in the tank and energy to move the warm water from the tank to the taps

• energy to move cold water into the tank

• energy to move cold water into the tank and energy from the sun to warm the water

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

While on vacation, Carine rides in a hot-air balloon. To make the balloon rise, the pilot turns on a flame to warm the air inside the balloon. How does the air change?

• The air changes to a different state of matter.

• The motion of the air particles increases.

• The air particles move closer together.

• The temperature of the air decreases.

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Which describes energy transformation?

• The process of moving one type of energy from one object to another.

• The process of one form of energy changing to another form.

• The movement of air particles from one container to another.

• The process of moving an object from low to high altitude.

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What energy transformation is represented when a rocket launches?

• chemical to mechanical, thermal, light and sound

• chemical to potential

• electrical to mechanical, thermal, light and sound

• gravitational potential to mechanical

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What 2 forms of energy is the person transferring to the snowball in this picture? (choose 2 answers)

• kinetic mechanical

• electrical

• thermal

• chemical

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