juice from berries.

liquid from spiral snails.

a special kind of tree sap.

ink form squids.

Stories and legends

Maps and compasses

Shipbuilding and sailing strategies

the alphabet they had invented

there were no rivers for irrigation of crops

there was not much land available for farming

there was not enough rainfall for their crops

they did not like farming

using ships to trade goods with other peoples.

Traveling by caravan across the lands westward .

conquering all the lands west of the Persian Gulf.

controlling the supply of a valuable purple dye.

by telling stories of monsters that lived in the deep water.

 by bribing other kings.

by having warriors on their ships.

by refusing to trade their purple dye.