Chapter 8 Vocabulary

study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.

• Metabolism

• Thermodynamics

• Nucleus

• ATP

all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.

• Cellular respiration

• Metabolism

• Thermodynamics

• Aerobic process

two-phase anabolic pathway in which the Sun's light energy is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.

• Chloroplast

• Pigment

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

Heterotroph is...?

• all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.

• light-independent reactions during phase two of photosynthesis in which energy is stored in organic molecules as glucose

• organism that captures energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce its own food: provides the foundation of the food supple for other organisms: also called a producer.

• organism that cannot make its own food and gets its nutrients and energy requirements by feeding on other organisms; also called a consumer.

organism that captures energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce its own food: provides the foundation of the food supple for other organisms: also called a producer.

• Autotroph

• Heterotroph

• Calvin cycle

• Krebs cycle

catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell.

• Cellular respiration

• Krebs cycle

• Anaerobic respiration

• metabolism

ATP is...?

• two-phase anabolic pathway in which the Sun's light energy is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.

• energy-carrying biological molecule, which, when broken down, drives cellular activity. Energy is stored in this form.

• light-absorbing colored molecule, such as chlorophyll and carotenoid, in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

• the control center of the nucleus

light-absorbing colored molecule, such as chlorophyll and carotenoid, in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

• fermentation

• chlorophyll

• pigment

• glycolysis

light-independent reactions during phase two of photosynthesis in which energy is stored in organic molecules as glucose

• calvin cycle

• krebs cycle

• fermentation

• aerobic respiration

aerobic process

• metabolic process that requires oxygen

• metabolic process that does not require oxygen

• metabolic process in which pyruvate is broken down and electron-carrier molecules are used to produce ATP through electron transport