OST Review Spr 2018

An excerpt from a speech by President Barack Obama at the Department of Justice is shown. Which challenge facing the United States in the post-9/11 era does President Obama address in this excerpt?

• the unwillingness of countries to share surveillance data in the war against terror

• the obstacle of obtaining congressional approval to engage in preemptive wars

• the difficulty in balancing national security needs with the protection of civil liberties

• the international objections to U.S. development of advanced cyber-warfare capabilities

Which precedent was set by the Northwest Ordinance and later included in the U.S. Constitution?

• the guarantee of a right to trial by jury

• the creation of a federal system of government

• the establishment of full voting rights for women

• the denial of property rights to American Indians

Which excerpt from the U.S. Constitution supports the guarantee of a right to trial by jury?

• "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury..."

• The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex."

• "The Congress shall have Power...To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes..."

• "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."

How did the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union impact U.S. society?

• The U.S. government nationalized most large industries.

• Science education was given renewed emphasis in the nation's schools.

• Public protests grew as opposition against the U.S. space program mounted.

• Defense spending was decreased as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union lessened.

What do both sources demonstrate about the South in the decades following Reconstruction?

• the impact of the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education

• the influence of suffragist organizations had on Southern state legislatures

• the ability of state governments to pass laws limiting the civil rights of certain groups

• the effect that the continued presence of federal troops had on people in Southern states

How did the Louisiana Constitution of 1898 affect the ability of African Americans to participate in the political process?

• It prohibited all African Americans from voting in local and state elections.

• It established barriers intended to deny most African Americans the right to vote.

• It restricted the right of citizens from the North to run for political office at the state level.

• It increased the number of locations in the state where African Americans could register to vote.

The Louisiana Constitution of 1898 and the photograph of the water cooler in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, exemplify a pattern of similar practices and laws across the South that emerged after Reconstruction and continued throughout the civil rights movement. How did the practices and laws shown by the two sources contribute to a migration trend in the United States in the early 1900s?

• They led to an increase in population for Southern states.

• They led African Americans to migrate to Northern areas.

• They led African Americans to move away from coastal areas.

• They led to increased immigration from Southern European countries.

The Great Migration in the early 1900s had significant effects on American society. Select all of the effects of this trend.

• The Harlem Renaissance flourished.

• The presence of foreign language media increased.

• Labor shortages occurred in the manufacturing industry.

• Rural areas in the North became more populated than urban areas in the North.

• Competition for housing and jobs increased in cities such as New York and Chicago.

What eventually led to the elimination of the laws and practices illustrated by these two sources?

• An amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlawed these laws and practices.

• Governors of Southern states issued executive orders prohibiting these laws and practices.

• Southern state courts ruled that these laws and practices were inconsistent with their state constitutions.

• Civil rights organizations pressured the federal government to take action against these laws and practices.

Which thesis is clearly supported by the evidence provided in the two sources?

• Segregated water fountains existed in every state in the South.

• Racism was institutionalized in a variety of ways in the South after the end of Reconstruction.

• The rights of African Americans were better protected in northern states than they were in southern states.

• Institutionalized racism ended with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965.