What is the most abundant form of Marine Life?

• Spiny Fish

• Marine Mammals

• Microorganisms

• Eukaryotic Organisms

Which of the following is NOT a component of a Virus Structure?

• Short Chain of Genetic Material (RNA Strand)

• Capsid (Outer Protein Coating)

• Nucleocapsid

• Nucleus

What is a unique feature of Retroviruses?

• They store their genetic information in the form of a single strand of RNA instead of the DNA double-helix most Viruses use.

• They are among the most ancient of Viruses

• They tend to be the largest types of Viruses

• They are very simple to develop therapeutic medications for.

Viruses reproduce by:

• Mitotic cellular division, producing two identical daughter Viruses.

• By entering living cell and injecting their DNA into the cell and then using the cell's machinery to build new generations of viruses.

• Through Sexual Reproduction which creates genetically unique offspring with each successive generation.

• Recombination of RNA Nucleotide Sequences

As Retroviruses replicate themselves, what ultimately happens to the hose cell?

• It bursts (Lyses),which frees the Viruses inside to go on to infect other cells.

• They shrivel, which frees the Viruses inside to go on to infect other cells.

• They immediately die off and the infection ceases with the life-cycle of the cell.

• They remain unaffected until the infection is neutralized.

Viruses that specialize in infecting Bacteria are called _________Viruses

• Retroviruses

• Influenza Viruses

• Omega Viruses

• Bacteriophage Viruses

True/False:

Marine Viruses are extremely common and abundant in aquatic ecosystems.

• True

• False

Where are Virus concentrations the most abundant in Aquatic Ecosystems?

• Free-Floating in the Water Column

• Bottom Sediments

• Warm Shallow Areas

• Cooler, Deeper areas

The abundance of Viruses in water is directly related to the abundance of Microbial Life in the water because:

• Viruses use that other Microbial Life to infect in order to reproduce.

• Viruses are out-competed by the other Microbes.

• Viruses are not related to the concentration of other microbes.

• None of the Above

Unlike Viruses, Prokaryotes are

• Truly Living Organisms whereas Viruses are not.

• Are not responsible for causing any diseases whereas Viruses are.

• Have only recently appeared on the Evolutionary Scene.

• None of the Above