8th Earthquakes

The diagram shows rock that is being deformed by one type of stress.

What type of stress is shown in the diagram?

• Faulting

• Tension

• Shear stress

• Compression

Why do folded mountain belts sometimes form at convergent plate boundaries?

• Because rock is compressed and forced upward

• Because convergent plate boundaries occur above hot spots

• Because the rock is stretched apart and breaks, which allows magma to rise to Earth's surface

• Because subducted oceanic lithosphere melts and rises as magma to Earth's surface

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

What causes a chain of volcanic islands to form far from plate boundaries?

• Rifting

• Folding

• Hot spots

• Subduction

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

A geologist is studying an area after an earthquake. She notices that two streams have changed course.

What would most likely explain the movement of the streams?

• The stream runs across a fault in a rift zone where two plates are diverging

• The stream runs across a hot spot far from any tectonic plates

• The stream runs across a transform fault that was offset by the earthquake

• The stream runs across a subduction zone where two plates are converging

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

On which type of plate would you find thinner, denser rock?

• Oceanic plate

• Continental plate

• Lithosphere plate

• Rocks on all plates have the same thickness and density

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

Which type of stress causes deformation that leads to earthquakes at convergent plate boundaries?

• Tension

• Rebound

• Shear stress

• Compression

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

How does distance from the epicenter of an earthquake change the earthquake's effects?

• The strongest effects are usually felt near the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt farthest from the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt in a line extending north and south from the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt in a ring surrounding the epicenter with a radius of several miles

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

Why do most earthquakes that take place at tectonic plate boundaries?

• The rock in the interior of a tectonic plate is stronger, so it does not deform

• Earthquakes take place where the motion of tectonic plates transfers energy to rock

• Earthquakes can only occur at places where magma can reach the surface and transfer energy to rocks

• Earthquakes take place when on place moves over another plate, which happens only at plate boundaries

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

On December 26, 2004, a major tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami traveled from its point of origin to as far away as Africa—nearly 5,000 km. The map below shows the origin of the tsunami and the direction the waves traveled.

What was the cause of this tsunami?

• An earthquake beneath the ocean

• The impact of a large meteorite in the ocean

• A sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water

• A typhoon moving from the Indian Ocean toward India

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What is the break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another called?

• Fault

• Focus

• Epicenter

• Earthquake

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5