US History: Unit 4 Test

What was the main purpose of the first labor unions?

• allow business owners to share information with each other

• eliminate anarchists from the workplace

• get better conditions and better pay for workers

• provide labor when workers went out on strike

Why did unions have more power than individual workers to improve conditions?

• Unions had the approval of the courts and the public.

• Owners respected unions and were happy to negotiate with them.

• One worker could be fired easily, but a whole group could not.

• Individual workers rarely knew what to ask for or how to ask.

Which term refers to a person who favors government control of businesses that affect most citizens, such as railroads, electrical power, and telephones?

• socialist

• nativist

• anarchist

• populist

Which socialist goal was not supported by labor leader Samuel Gompers?

• an eight-hour work day

• increased wages

• collective bargaining

• restructuring of government

Why did the public fear early unions?

• Workers made unreasonable demands.

• The unions were organized by agents working for foreign governments.

• The public did not want workers to have decent wages.

• The public believed that the unions were in favor of radical ideas.

Which goal did "fearless soul" Mother Jones work for?

• putting tobacco farmers out of business

• cleaning up the Everglades

• ending child labor

• putting out the Chicago fire

Which job would a muckraker be most likely to do?

• run for mayor

• drain a swamp in an urban area

• write about police corruption

• harvest swamp grass

Which action came about because of Ida Tarbell's investigative journalism?

• Child labor laws were rewritten.

• The Supreme Court broke up the trust of the Standard Oil Company.

• President Roosevelt invited Tarbell to dinner at the White House.

• Congress passed a pure food and drug act.

Which goal was John Muir most interested in?

• equal voting rights for all citizens

• adequate medical care for miners

• resource conservation and land preservation

• sanitary conditions in meat-packing factories

Which quote best expresses John Muir's philosophy?

• "The city mansions are built on the broken bones and drooping heads of children."

• "Not one penny for scenery."

• "Congress shall make no laws abridging the freedom of speech and of the press."

• "When we try to pick out anything [in nature] by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the universe."