Which of the following programs is most likely to benefit from the use of a heuristic?

• A program that calculates a student's grade based on the student's quiz and homework scores.

• A program that encrypts a folder of digital files

• A program that finds the shortest driving route between two locations on a map.

• A program that sorts a list of numbers in order from least to greatest.

Which of the following has the greatest potential for compromising a user's personal privacy?

• A group of cookies stored by the user's Web Browser

• The IP address of the user's computer

• The user's email address

• The user's public key used for encryption

when a cellular telephone user places a call. The carrier transmits the caller's voice as well as the voice of the person who is called. The encoded voices are the data of the call. In addition to transmitting the data, the carrier also stores metadata. The metadata of the call include information such as the time the call is placed and the phone numbers of both participants. For which of the following goals would it be more useful to computationally analyze the metadata instead of the data?

I. To determine if a caller frequently uses a specific word

II. To estimate the number of phone calls that will be placed next Monday between 10:30 AM and noon.

III To generate a list of criminal suspects when given the telephone number of a known criminal.

• I only

• II only

• II and III only

• I, II, and III

A certain computer game is played between a human player and a computer-controlled player. Every time the computer-controlled player has a turn, the game runs slowly because the computer evaluates all potential moves and selects the best one. Which of the following best describes the possibility of improving the running speed of the game.

• The game's running speed can only be improved if the game is played between two human players instead of with the computer-controlled player.

• The game's running speed might be improved by using a process that finds approximate solutions every time the computer-controlled player has a turn.

• The game's running speed cannot be improved because computers can only be programmed to find the best possible solution.

• The game's running speed cannot be improved because the game is an example of an algorithm that does not run in a reasonable time.

Which of the following best describes a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?

• An attempt by a country to deny its citizens access to the Internet.

• An attempt to deny users access to a Web site's resources by flooding the Web site with requests from multiple systems.

• An attempt by one user to deny service to another by posting material on a social network.

• An attempt by a user of the Internet to get private information from a secure database.

Quantities, characters, or symbols that are the inputs and outputs of computer programs.

• Text
• Outputs
• Inputs
• Data

Which of the following is least likely to indicate a phishing attack?

• An email from your bank asks you to call the number on your card to verify a transaction.

• An email from a merchant asks that you click on a link to reset your password.

• An email from a utility company asks you to enter your date of birth and social security number for verification purposes.

• An email that indicates you have won a large sum of money and asks you to enter your bank account number so that money can be transferred to you.

Which of the following activities poses the greatest personal cybersecurity risk?

• Making a purchase at an online store that uses public key encryption to transmit credit card information.

• Paying a bill using a secure electronic payment system.

• Reserving a hotel room by emailing credit card information to the hotel.

• Withdrawing money from a bank using an automated teller machine.

______ encryption is a method of encryption involving one key for both encryption and decryption

• Symmetric

• Asymmetric

• Public key

• SSL

In public key cryptography, the sender uses the recipient's public key to encrypt a message. Which of the following is needed to decrypt the message?

• The sender's public key

• The sender's private key

• The recipient's public key

• The recipient's private key