Genetics Study Guide

Which of the following shows the correct order of the Linnaean classification system, from the broadest classification to the most specific classification?

• phylum → order → species → genus → kingdom → class → family

• kingdom → class → family → phylum → order → genus → species

• kingdom → phylum → class → order → family → genus → species

• class → species → genus → phylum → family → order → kingdom

What kind of cell has no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles?

• eukariotic

• prokaryotic

• a plant or animal

• dead cell

While playing basketball, Alex scrapes his knee. How does skin heal after being cut?

• Skin cells make sugar.

• Skin cells make proteins.

• Skin cells swell to form new skin cells.

• Skin cells divide to make new skin cells.

The table lists the composition of chromosomes in five individuals. Which of the individuals are males?

• 2, 3, 4, and 5

• 1, 2, 3, and 5

• 5, only

• 1, only

A cross between a pea plant with alleles YY for yellow seeds is crossed with a pea plant with alleles yy for green seeds produces offspring with yellow seeds. Which of the following statements is true?

• Both the alleles y and Y are dominant for seed color.

• Both the alleles y and Y are recessive for seed color.

• The allele y is dominant over the allele Y for seed color.

• The allele Y is dominant over the allele y for seed color.

Which of the following best describes the difference between selective breeding and natural selection?

• Selective breeding is the process of creating entirely new species, while natural selection modifies currently living species.

• Selective breeding is performed by humans to achieve desired traits, while natural selection occurs without human involvement.

• Selective breeding is performed by humans to change a trait in a currently living species, while natural selection is performed to change future offspring.

• Selective breeding is a type of breeding that organisms in the wild carry out, while natural selection is a type of breeding that domestic organisms carry out.

In a laboratory, several labels on the mouse cages were removed. The scientist who worked in the laboratory needed to determine which mice were clones and which were not in order to replace the labels correctly. What investigation would allow the scientist to determine which mice were clones?

• sequencing the DNA of the mice

• finding out what food the mice prefer

• breeding the mice to see traits the offspring have

• determining whether the mice can learn to complete a maze

Which of the following is a true description of sexual and asexual reproduction?

• Sexual reproduction involves a transfer of genetic information, but asexual reproduction does not.

• Asexual reproduction involves meiosis, but sexual reproduction does not.

• Sexual reproduction involves two parent organisms, but asexual reproduction does not.

• Asexual reproduction produces new organisms, but sexual reproduction does not.

Plants that have either two dominant or two recessive alleles are classified as

• asexual

• cross-pollinating

• homozygous

• heterozygous

Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?

• manipulating potato genes to improve nutritional value, growth and flavor

• creating a new identical mouse from the single cell of another mouse

• a trait that is not advantageous disappearing over multiple generations

• breeding two fast racehorses to produce offspring that have superior skills