AP Chemistry Bonding

Which of the following choices ranks the molecules above in order of greatest to least polarity?

• B>D>C>A

• D>B>C>A

• B>C>D>A

• C>B>D>A

Which of the following choices correctly ranks the bond angles of the molecules from largest to smallest?

• SCl₂ > PCl₃ > CCl₄

• PCl₃ > CCl₄ > SCl₂

• PCl₃ > SCl₂ > CCl₄

• CCl₄ > PCl₃ > SCl₂

According to the VSPER model, the difference in bond angles between SCl₂, PCl₃, and CCl₄ is best explained by the

• difference in bond polarity between the central atom and chlorine

• number of unbonded electrons around the central atom

• size of the central atom

• difference in bond strength

Which of the following is true regarding the strengths of HOCl and HOBr?

• HOBr is a stronger acid because Br is a larger atom than Cl

• HOCl is a stronger acid because Cl is more electronegative that Br

• The strengths of HOCl and HOBr are dependent on the concentrations of their respective solutions

• HOCl is a stronger acids because HCl is a stronger acid than HBr

Which of the following statements accurately describes the change that occurs in the forces of attraction between CO₂ molecules as they change phase from a gas to a solid?

• Covalent bonds between CO₂ molecules are formed, creating a network solid.

• Weak, permanent dipoles are formed by dispersion forces.

• The nuceli of the carbon and oxygen atoms in the CO₂ molecules form a crystalline structure within a sea of mobile electrons.

• Transient dipoles form between the molecules and become more powerful than the vibrations that tend to increase the distance between molecules.

Which of the following bonds has the greatest polarity?

• H-N

• H-O

• H-F

• F-I

Which of the following most directly explains the difference in melting points between BeO (2507°C) and NaCl (801°C)?

• NaCl is an ionic compound and BeO is a covalent (molecule)

• There is less distance between the sodium and chloride ions in NaCl compared to the distance between Beryllium and oxygen ions in BeO

• The sodium ion is larger and less positively charged than the beryllium ion; the chloride ion is larger and less negatively charged than the oxygen ion.

• Beryllium and oxygen have lower atomic numbers than sodium and oxygen, respectively.

Which of the following is expected to have the highest boiling point?

• Br2

• Cl₂

• N₂

• O₂

Which of the following must be true when a pure, covalent solid is heated slowly at its melting point until about half the compound has turned into liquid?

• the sum of the intermolecular forces holding the solid together decrease to zero as the solid continues to melt

• The temperature increases and the average kinetic energy of the molecules in the liquid phase increases

• the volume increases as the substance becomes a liquid

• the average kinetic energy of the substance remains the same

In which of the following would sodium chloride be least soluble?

• CH₃COOH (l)

• CH₃OH (l)

• CCl₄ (l)

• HBr (aq)