Intro to Environmental Science Review

The environment contains

• living things only.
• non-living things only.
• both living and non-living things.
• only artificial things.

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In environmental science, what is a nutrient?

• organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon
• the chemicals in food that make it taste good
• an element on the periodic table
• matter that organisms need to carry out their life processes

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Select the best definition for the term biodiversity.

• able to decompose or break down naturally
• the variety of organisms in an area
• organic
• a native species

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Environmental ethics, the application of ethical standards to relationships between humans and their environment, can be used to solve dilemmas including:

• building a dam for the benefit of people in a city at the cost of flooding a valley
• clear cutting a forest damaging the ecosystem to produce timber which is turned into lumber for people to use
• over-fishing a body of water where the fish are sold at market value for profit
• all of the other options are examples which could be solved with environmental ethics

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Select the best definition for the term sustainable.

• able to meet the current demand for a resource without depleting the future supply
• the amount of a product or service offered for sale at a given price
• the amount of a product or service people will buy at a given price if free to do so
• upsetting the ecological balance by depleting natural resources

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Lead is a carcinogen, which means

• it is a chemical which causes cancer.
• it causes people to go hungry from a shortage of food.
• it is a chemical which is probably fine in small amounts.
• none of the other options are correct.

The Law of Unintended Consequences states that

• actions of people and governments have effects that are unanticipated.
• everything can always be predicted ahead of time.
• things which look good on paper work out well in reality.
• disasters can usually be avoided with enough money and time planning.

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What will happen to fossil fuel reserves if humans continue to burn them?

• The fossil fuel reserves will be quickly resupplied and so humans will never run out.
• The fossil fuel reserves will be completely depleted, or totally used up.
• The fossil fuel reserves will stay underground.
• The fossil fuel reserves will definitely NOT turn into carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere.

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What has happened to human resource consumption in the last several hundred years?

• It has remained at the same level.
• It has decreased only slightly.
• It has increased dramatically.
• It has decreased dramatically.

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The term Ecological Footprint includes

• the environmental impact of an individual or population in terms of the total amount of land and water required.
• providing raw materials the individual or population consumes.
• disposal or recycling of waste the individual or population produces.
• all of the other options are correct