D1.2 (HL) Protein Synthesis

Which type of RNA is a copy of a gene used to encode a polypeptide?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

The synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequence is known as

• transcription

• translation

• replication

The enzyme that binds to a site on the DNA, separates the strands, and covalently bonds RNA nucleotides opposite their complementary partner is

• RNA Polymerase

• DNA Polymerase

• DNA Helicase

• RNA Primase

The nucleotides are aligned with their complementary partners on which strand of DNA?

• template strand

• DNA sense strand

Which region of DNA is edited out of pre-mRNA and recycled into nucleotides?

• introns

• exons

The sequence of DNA that serves as the attachment point for RNA polymerase is called what?

• promoter

• enhancer

• silencer

Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that contains highly repetitive DNA sequences. One purpose of these regions are

• to protect the DNA molecule from degradation during replication.

• to increase the rate of transcription.

• to edit out non-coding regions of DNA.

State the direction of transcription

• 5' --> 3'

• 3' --> 5'

The process of mature mRNA formation is facilitated by a(n) ________ which causes the introns to form a loop and the exons to be joined.

• spliceosome

• ribosome

• amino acid

• RNA polymerase

Alternative splicing of mRNA

• increases the number of different proteins an organism can produce.

• decreases the number of different proteins an organism can produce.