genetics

1. How would a population of organisms resulting from asexual reproduction differ from a population resulting from sexual reproduction?

• The asexual population would have less genetic diversity than the sexual population

• The asexual population likely have more useful adaptations than the sexual population

• The asexual population would have greater genetic diversity than the sexual population

• The asexual population would be better at resisting disease than the sexual population

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) result from a form of selective breeding where genes from organisms are combined to increase the yield and size of crops. The health of GMOs are being debated while they are also becoming more common in everyday foods. There are very few long-term studies showing the potential effects of GMOs on humans or other organisms in the ecosystem. Which of the following investigations would best provide evidence for how GMOs might affect human and other populations?

• Scientist must track populations that have eaten GMO’s to see what effects may occur over many years.

• Scientist must test how to easily reproduce the GMO to increase the population quickly for farmers.

• Scientist should create several different GMO crops and grow them side by side for many years to see which grows larger.

• Scientist must survey different groups of people to collect statistical data showing which GMO tastes better for a specific population.

A type of plant can have red or white flowers. A group of purebred red flowering plants is bred with a group of purebred white flowering plants. All of the offspring have only red flowers. What term best describes the trait of red flower color in this type of plant?

• gene

• Dominant trait

• allele

• recessive trait

1 A Rottweiler dog is born with a long tail and when it is a few days old, its tail is cut to be shorter. Several years later, the dog has eight puppies. How many puppies probably have short tails like their mother's?

• 0

• 2

• 4

• 8

A student is doing a genetics experiment on beetles. The student breeds a pure green beetle with a pure brown beetle. The student repeats this experiment ten more times. Every time the student performs this cross, all of the offspring are green. What does that mean?

• The gene for green color is dominant over the gene for brown color because all the beetle offspring have a green phenotype.

• The gene for brown color is dominant over the gene for green color because all of the beetle offspring have a brown genotype.

• The gene for green and brown are equally expressed because half the beetle parents have a green phenotype and half the beetle parents have a brown phenotype.

• The gene for green color is dominant over the gene for brown because all the beetle offspring have a brown phenotype.

13. Which statement correctly explains the relationship between the genes of offspring and the genes of their parents?

• Genes are located on the chromosome and are passed from parent to offspring.

• Genes are located on the chromosome and are passed from offspring to parents.

• Chromosomes are located on the gene and are passed from offspring to parent.

• Chromosomes are located on the gene and are passed from parent to offspring.

Which of the following best describes the difference between the meanings of phenotype and genotype?

• A phenotype is the result of heterozygous alleles, whereas a genotype is the result of homozygous alleles.

• A phenotype is the appearance of an organism, whereas a genotype is the genetic makeup of the organism.

• A phenotype is the entire genetic makeup of an organism, whereas a genotype is the combination of genes for one specific trait.

• A phenotype is the result of the environment on appearance, whereas a genotype is the result of genes appearance.

An animal welfare group is researching the effects of selectively breeding cows to produce more milk. They want to know if this is bad for the cows. What would be the BEST question the group could ask to determine the effects of selectively breeding the cows?

• What is the diet the cows are fed in order to produce milk?

• What does the milk of the selectively bred cows taste like?

• Can you make more money by producing the cows with the desired traits?

• Are there negative traits in the offspring of the selectively bred cows?

Since the 1800’s an increase in selectively breeding dogs for human desired traits increased. What can be a negative effect to selectively breeding dogs?

• Dog owners only want an attractive dog to show off.

• Dogs learn to only breed with dogs that look like them.

• Dogs can inherit traits that are negative to the dog’s health.

• Dogs without the traits will become undesirable to all humans.

A scientist wants to find out if they can genetically create a flower that glows in the dark. The answer to which of the following questions would best help the scientist reach this goal?

• How can the flower produce more pollen?

• Is there a gene that controls the trait for glowing in

  the dark?

• Is there a paint that can be sprayed on the flower to

  make it glow?

• Is there a mineral that can be added to the water or

  soil to cause the flower to glow?