B.6G Meiosis

In the early 1900s, Thomas Hunt Morgan was among the first scientists to contribute to the chromosome theory of heredity. Morgan's investigations into heredity in fruit flies led him to propose that the event represented in the diagram sometimes occurs.

Which statement about the event represented in the diagram is valid?

• The event represents RNA translation in the the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

• The event takes place in bacterial cells.

• The event produces genetically identical daughter cells.

• The event provides genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells

Which diagram demonstrates how crossing-over contributes to genetic variety during meiosis?

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During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This exchange of genetic material -

• increases the genetic variation

• reduces the diploid number to the haploid number

• increases the haploid number to the diploid number

• reduces the probability of mutations

Human body cells each have 46 chromosomes in their nuclei. Meiosis is necessary in order to ensure that each gamete produced in the human body has -

• 12 chromosomes

• 23 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes

• 92 chromosomes

Sexual reproduction in animals depends on the production of gametes. Which of these processes produces gametes in animals?

• Mitosis

• Fertilization

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

Crossing-over between nonsister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?

• The expression of dominant traits

• Number of gametes

• The occurrence of polyploidy

• Genetic variation