Midterm Review 4

Which statement best describes the process of asexual reproduction?

• it involves two parents

• it requires the combination of sperm and egg

• it results in variation in the offspring

• it involves the production of genetic copies

Which statement concerning an organism produced by cloning is correct?

• The clone is genetically identical to its parent

• The clone has the combined genes of both of its parents

• The genetic makeup of the clone will be somewhat different from each of its parents

• The appearance of the clone will be entirely different from that of its parents

Plants with desirable qualities can be rapidly produced from the cells of a single plant by

• cloning

• gamete fusion

• meiosis

• immune response

Asexual reproduction differs from sexual reproduction in that, in asexual reproduction

• new organisms are usually genetically identical to the parent

• the reproductive cycle involves the production of gametes

• nuclei of sex cells fuse to form a zygote

• offspring show much genetic variation

Orchid plants reproduce slowly and take many years to produce flowers when grown from seeds. One technique that can be used in genetic research to reproduce rate orchid plants more rapidly is

• sexual reproduction

• fertilization

• selective breeding

• cloning

Some bacteria produce an enzyme known as penicillinase, which prevents their destruction by penicillin. Since these same organisms reproduce asexually, they normally produce offspring that

• can be killed by penicillin

• have an abnormally high rate of mutation

• have variable numbers of chromosomes

• are resistant to penicillin

In plants, one way sexual reproduction differs from asexual reproduction is that in sexual reproduction

• more offspring are produced

• more genetic variation is seen in the offspring

• the offspring and the parents are identical

• more offspring survive to maturity

A man cuts some stems from several plants that are growing in his garden. He places the stems in wet sand until they grow roots, and then he transplants them to new pots. This method of reproducing plants is most like

• sexual reproduction

• cloning

• natural selection

• fertilization

Compared to the offspring of sexual reproduction in animals, the offspring of asexual reproduction will

• show greater variety

• be more resistant to disease

• be genetically identical to the parent

• grow larger

When complex plants are produced by cloning, which process is most directly involved?

• mitotic cell division

• meiotic cell division

• gamete production

• sperm cell fertilization