AP Unit 3: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights Review

Which of the following Supreme Court decisions allows public school students to wear T-shirts protesting a school board decision that eliminates funding for high school arts programs?

• Engel v. Vitale (1962)

• Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

• Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)

• New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)

In which of the following situations would the Supreme Court be most likely to utilize the doctrine of selective incorporation?

• When an individual claims that a right protected by the Bill of Rights is infringed upon by a state

• When there is a conflict among the branches of the national government

• When a federal policy shifting oversight authority from a national agency to a state agency is challenged

• When a former employee files a wrongful termination claim against a company headquartered in another state

A public school district implemented a policy that allowed students to vote on whether they wanted a student-led prayer to be read at football games. This policy was later found to be unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court. Which of the following clauses did the policy most likely violate?

• The interstate commerce clause

• The free exercise clause

• The supremacy clause

• The establishment clause

The application of the death penalty has been limited in recent decades and cannot be applied to minors and people who are found to be mentally incompetent. Which of the following is a reason for this?

• The Supreme Court redefined what constitutes an unreasonable intrusion under the Fourth Amendment.

• The Supreme Court changed its interpretation of what constitutes cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment.

• The Fifth Amendment’s due process clause motivated state legislatures to limit the death penalty.

• The right to an attorney guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment led to limited application of the death penalty.

Based on previous rulings, the Supreme Court is most likely to view a case concerning which of the following as a right-to-privacy case?

• A university whose admissions standards prevent women from attending the institution

• A person who is licensed to carry a handgun and brings one to a political rally

• A high school student who leaves class at a specified time during each school day for daily prayer

• A woman who is prevented from an abortion

Based on previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

• A police officer inspects the contents of a computer hard drive without a warrant.

• A mayor refuses to allow an unpopular group to hold a political rally.

• A public school system uses race-based segregation.

• The federal government passes a law prohibiting assault rifles.

Which of the following actions by public school students would most likely be protected speech based on the precedent established by Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)?

• Leading prayers over the school’s public address system

• Publishing an editorial in the school newspaper

• Protesting a school board decision by disrupting a school assembly

• Wearing t-shirts objecting to a school board decision

Which of the following scenarios would most likely be considered a violation of the Fourth Amendment?

• A suspect is interrogated without being informed of the right to an attorney.

• A person is tried twice for the same crime.

• A suspect’s cell phone is analyzed by police before a warrant is issued.

• A person is prosecuted for a federal crime without a jury.

Which of the following is contained in the Fourteenth Amendment and was likely an inspiration for Martin Luther King, Jr.”s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail?”

• The guarantee that citizens have the right to a speedy and public trial regardless of gender, race, or age

• The principle that all people should be equal under the law, as embodied in the equal protection clause

• The guarantee that all people, regardless of race, religion, gender, or sexual orientation, have the right to free speech

• The due process clause, which implies the right to vote, shall not be denied on the basis of race

During the Civil War, President Lincoln suspended the right of habeas corpus and detained thousands of citizens who protested the war. Which of the following statements best illustrates this scenario?

• When the public does not support the rights of others, those rights tend to no longer be applied.

• There is nothing in the Constitution that guarantees the right to a fair trial.

• There is tension between civil liberties and public order.

• Freedom of speech is an absolute right.