Long Exam 2 in Genetics

Which sequence of events occurs in the process of making genetically modified bacteria?

• Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells

• Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene

• Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene

• Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells

What is transferred from one organism to another in the process of genetic engineering?

• bases

• enzymes

• DNA

• RNA

What is the name of the structure found in bacterial cells into which genes can be inserted?

• Protein

• Plasmid

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

What is the biological role of restriction enzymes?

• Aid in recombinant DNA research

• Make bacteria resistant to antibiotics

• Degrade foreign DNA that enters a bacterium

• Cleave DNA at or near specific sequence of bases

In the laboratory, how will recombinant plasmids are commonly introduced into bacterial cells?

• Microinjection

• Infection with a bacteriophage that carries the plasmid

• Mixing plasmids with an extract of broken cells

• Heat shock of the cells incubated with plasmid DNA

What is the DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources?

• GMO

• Mutant

• Recombinant DNA

• Complementary DNA

Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing recombinant DNA?

• Use a restriction enzyme to cut DNA

• Cut out a piece of DNA from a DNA molecule

• Read the sequences of bases in a piece of DNA

• Insert a piece of DNA from one organism into the DNA of another organism

To produce a bacterium that make insulin, which of the following steps did scientists have to take first?

• Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid

• Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture

• Use a restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene from human DNA

• Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid

DNA from a human has been inserted into bacterial plasmid and reinserted back into the bacterium. The bacterium now contains both human DNA and bacterial DNA. The bacterium is now considered a _________.

• Mutant

• Clone

• PCR Product

• Transgenic Organism

Which of the following is NOT an argument in favor of GMOs?

• Reduced biodiversity

• Disease-resistant Crops

• Food with Extra Nutrients

• Controlled Production of Insulin