IGCSE Urban Environments

Define the term mega city

• A city with a population over 8 million

• A city with a population over 10 million

• A city with a population over 11 million

• A city with a population over 7 million

Why are there more people now living in urban environments?

• People are more likely to find work here

• There is more work in rural areas

• Rural areas have a lower standard in LICs in particular

Define the term urbanisation

• the process whereby there is a decreasing number of people living in towns and cities

• changing the image of a city

• the outer edge of a city or town where the built area meets the countryside

• the process whereby a growing % of people are living in towns and cities

Where do we see higher rates of rural to urban migration?

• Low income countries (LICs)

• High income countries (HICs)

What is rural to urban migration?

• The process whereby people move from the countryside to the city usually to look for work and to improve their standard of living.

• The process whereby people move from the city to the countryside, usually to look for work and to improve their standard of living.

• When people own a house in both the rural area and the city

Why do we see high rates of urbanisation occuring in developing countries?

• Push-oull factors leading to high rates of rural to uran migration

• Cities experience high rates of natural increase in population

• Most new economic development in these countries is concentrated in the big cities

Which stage of the urbanisation pathway is usually only associated with HICs?

• Stage 4 - counter urbanisation

• Stage 1 - early urbanisation

• Stage 2 - accelerating urbanisation

• Stage 3 - mature urbanisation

Define the term push-pull factors

• The degree of well being and satisfaction felt by a person or group of people

• Things that encourage people to migrate from one area to another; the negatives are the pull factors and the positives are the push factors

• Things that encourage people to migrate from one area to another; the negatives are the push factors and the positives are the pull factors

• Areas of the countryside concerned with farming

What factors encourage the process of suburbanisation?

• Overcrowding, congestion and rising land prices

• A decline in residential environment near the centre

• Improvements in transport allows people to travel to the city centre easily

Define the term commuter

• People who live in a different area to where they work, usually outside the city, and travel into the city to work.

• People who live and work in the city

• People who live and work in rural areas