Evolution

The diagram shows two variations of the same species of peppered moth resting on a tree. Originally, most peppered moths were light-colored and blended in with the light-colored bark of the trees in their environment. Due to pollution during the Industrial Revolution, the trees became blackened by soot. As a result, the population of light-colored moths decreased, due to predators. At the same time, the population of dark-colored moths increased, because they were less visible to predators.
Which process is responsible for this type of adaptation over time?

• natural selection
• genetic engineering
• metamorphasis
• dynamic equilibrium

Which adaptation protected the dark-colored moths from predators?

• breeding
• camoulflage
• migration
• hibernation

Who came up with the theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
• Mrs. Simmen
• Charles Darwin
• Charlie Chaplin

The African savanna is a large grassland region with few trees that is hot and seasonally dry. A population of lions and a population of wild dogs living there are most likely to compete with each other for

• mates
• water
• air
• sunlight

A fox with thick fur would have a survival advantage over other foxes if

• there is more competition for food in the fox population
• the air temperature significantly decreases in winter
• a drought occurs, limiting the amount of water available
•  a new disease appears that infects the foxes

A puggle is a type of dog first produced by mating two other types of dog, a pug and a beagle. This process is an example of

• asexual reproduction
• genetic engineering
• selective breeding
• natural selection

The information below describes a relationship between a type of fish known as a goby and a species of blind shrimp. The shrimp digs a hole that provides shelter for itself and the goby fish. The goby fish lives at the opening to the hole and watches for predators. When a predator swims by, both organisms quickly move farther into the hole for safety. The relationship between these two organisms is best described as

• competetive
• beneficial
• harmful
• predatory

Which gas produced by the tree does the giraffe need to survive?

• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
• Hydrogen (H)
• ATP
• Oxygen (O₂)

What gas does the Giraffe produce that helps the tree survive?

• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
• Hydrogen (H)
• ATP
• Oxygen (O₂)

Which factor is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase?

• less water
• fewer predators
• lack of shelter
• limited food