Chapter 19: Early Latin America

An institution that had died out during Medieval Europe but survived in Iberia and was exported to the New World by Spain and Portugal was:

• Feudalism

• Serfdom

• Slavery

• Capitalism

In Spain, who were the only peoples allowed to trade with the Americas?

• Conquistadors

• Spainards

• Natives

• Letrados

The first Spanish colony in the New World was established on:

• Hispaniola.

• Cuba.

• Puerto Rico.

• The Antilles.

What accounted for the majority of the population loss suffered by the Native Americans after the European arrival?

• Losses in warfare

• Enslavement

• Epidemic diseases

• Internal civil conflicts

The greatest silver mine in Spanish America was located at:

• Huancavelica.

• Mexico City.

• Santiago.

• Potosi.

The Brazilian model of plantation colony was later followed in the 18th century by other European nations in:

• Mexico.

• Canada.

• Panama.

• the Caribbean.

Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Iberian society?

• Heavy urbanization

• Absence of slaveholding traditions

• Emphasis on nobility

• Emphasis on patriarchal ideals

Before 1800, the most profitable economic activity for Spain in its colonies was:

• mining and smelting of metals.

• ranching and herding.

• agriculture.

• manufacturing and processing of cottons and cloths.

The grants of Indians to individual Spaniards as a labor system were called:

• obrajes.

• consulados.

• encomiendas.

• audiencias.

Under the doctrine of mercantilism, Spain and Portugal encouraged their Latin American colonies to:

• buy manufactured goods only from the mother country.

• permit foreign merchants to trade within the empires.

• practice free trade.

• become self-sufficient.