Topic 5 Evolution and Classification

What statement can be made about members of the same order?

• A. They all belong to the same genus.

• B. They all belong to the same class.

• C. They all belong to the same family.

• D They can all interbreed successfully.

The scientific names of two organisms are shown below.

Lathyrus palustris

Angelica palustris

What is the relationship between these organisms?

• A. They both belong to the same genus but they are different species

• B. They both belong to the same species but different genera

• C. They are both different species and different genera

• D. They both belong to the same species and the same genus

Which factors promote evolution in a species?

I. Sexual reproduction

II. Environmental change

III. Overproduction of offspring

• A. I and II only

• B. II and III only

• C. I and III only

• D. I, II and III

Which group of organisms, identified by this key, represents the Fungi?

1 Nuclei present .......................................................................2

No nuclei present ...............................................................A

2 Develops from an embryo ................................................3

Does not develop from an embryo ................................4

3 Cell wall present ................................................................B

No cell wall ...................................................................C

4 Cell wall of chitin ................................................................D

Cell wall of cellulose or no cell wall ...............Protoctista

• A

• B

• C

• D

The percentage of bacteria showing antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other species of disease-causing bacteria has risen considerably since antibiotics were introduced. What has caused this increase?

• A. When a bacterium detects an antibiotic, it changes its metabolism so that it becomes resistant.

• B. When people do not complete courses of antibiotic, bacteria that were partly resistant become more resistant.

• C. When a bacterium is treated with an antibiotic, it increases its resistance to the antibiotic and passes on increased resistance to its offspring.

• D. When an antibiotic is used, only bacteria that are resistant to it survive and these bacteria pass on resistance to their offspring.

What is natural selection?

• A. The mechanism that increases the chance of certain individuals reproducing.

• B. The mechanism that leads to increasing variation within a population.

• C. The cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population.

• D. The mechanism that explains why populations produce more offspring than the environment can support.

What is the sequence of the seven levels of hierarchy of taxa used in classification?

• A. Phylum, kingdom, class, order, family, genus and species

• B. Kingdom, family, phylum, class, order, genus and species

• C. Kingdom, phylum, class, family, order, species and genus

• D. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, what causes the struggle for survival in populations?

• A. Overproduction of offspring

• B. Favourable heritable variations

• C. Natural selection

• D. Competition between the fittest individuals in the population

Which of the following represent homologous features?

• A. Wings in birds and insects

• B. The appendix in humans and horses

• C. Fins in fish and wings in birds

• D. The striped coat of the zebra and the tiger

Which of the following are used as evidence for evolution?

I. Homologous structures

II. Selective breeding of domesticated animals

III. Overproduction of offspring

• A. I and II only

• B. I and III only

• C. II and III only

• D. I, II and III