Enlightenment Quiz #1

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson (Declaration of Independence)

The excerpt above illustrates which key Enlightenment idea?

• Natural Rights

• Due Process

• Social Contract

• Separation of power

What was the Enlightenment?

• Term referred to the complete control that the European kings and queens had over their countries during the 15th through 18th centuries

• Refers to the period of philosophical changes that promoted democracy, human rights, and the political participation of the public

• Refers to a monarchy that still has absolute power but generally rules in the best interest of the people

• Another term for the Scientific Revolution

What is absolutism?

• The idea that the right for a king to rule his or her country comes from heaven

• This term refers to a monarchy that still has absolute power but generally rules in the best interest of the people

• This term refers to the complete control that a European king or queen had over their countries during the 15th through 18th centuries

• All of the above

Define "social contract"

• an entire society of Imperial Stormtroopers
• an entire society of flesh-eating bacteria
• an entire society agrees to be governed by its king
• an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will

Enlightened thinkers based their philosophical beliefs on what two things?

• power and privilege
• money and fame
• good looks and charm
• reason and logic

Whose authority was challenged by the new scientific theories during the 16th and 17th centuries? 

• Catholic Church
• Roman Gods
• Baptist ministers
• The Queen of Spain

The Scientific Revolution can best be described as:

• A period when scientists embraced the teachings of the Church
• The time when the Catholic Church empathized most with scientists 
• period when scientists began to question the old teachings of the Church
•  Scientific property invented by astrophysicists to explain the rotation of the Earth

Which astronomer was tried for heresy and placed under house arrest because he argued that the universe was heliocentric?

• Ptolemy
• Copernicus
• Newton 
• Galileo 

This diagram is representative of which theory that was challenged by the Catholic Church

• Geocentric 
• Concentric 
• Heliocentric
•  Geothermantic

Enlightenment philosopher who believed people had natural rights of life, liberty, and property.

• John Locke
• Montesquieu
• Rousseau
• Voltaire