Inside the Earth

Iceland is able to use the large amount of volcanoes to its advantage. The underground magma is used to heat and supply electricity for a large portion of the country. The use of this type of energy has great advantage over burning coal because

• renewable resources are being used

• all answer choices are correct

• the cost is much less than coal

• it does not create CO2 which may contribute to climate change

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Which of the following statements is not true of temperature in Earth's layers?

• The heat in the interior of the Earth is maintained by internal pressure and density

• The lithosphere has a higher temperature than the asthenosphere

• Radioactive substances inside the Earth release energy which creates heat

• heat increases with depth from the Earth's surface

The intense heat from Earth's interior that warms the magma beneath the Earth's surface is called

• geothermal energy

• hydrogen energy

• tidal power

• solar energy

Waves travel at different speeds through the Earth's interior. What property distinguishes the Earth's crust, mantle, and core?

• mass

• pressure

• composition

• temperature

The pie chart illustrates the fuel sources for electricity in the country. Which of the following statements is true according to the pie chart?

• Renewable resources are the main source for electricity in the country

• Nuclear energy accounts for a large part of the non-renewable resources in the country

• Fossil fuels are the main energy source for electricity in the country.

• Non-renewable resources are used as often as renewable resources in the country

Which diagram best represents the type of plate movement that results in FOLDED mountains?

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Like the layers of the ocean, the Earth's crust is divided into part based on physical properties. Which of the following statements best describes a layer of the Earth?

• The asthenosphere has the greatest density

• The mesosphere has the least density

• The outer core has the least density

• The inner core has the greatest density

In which of these ways can volcanoes help build up new land?

• by adding water vapor to the atmosphere

• by adding heat to Earth's surface

• by adding gases to the atmosphere

• by adding lava to Earth's surface

As you move northwest through the Hawaiian Islands, the age of the islands increases. The older islands are northwest of the new islands because they

• age faster than those to the east

• formed from old, recycled, silica-rich magma

• were made of less lava than the southwestern islands

• formed first and were moved away from the hot spot

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

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Where on the ocean floor is new ocean crust being created?

• the continental shelf

• the continental slope

• the deep ocean trenches

• the mid-ocean ridges

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