3.12 Supreme Court Cases

What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

• It established the U.S. Supreme Court’s jurisdiction in cases between states.

• It established the U.S. Supreme Court’s right of judicial review in federal cases.

• It overturned the practice of “separate but equal” in schools.

• It was the first case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court.

The U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, broke with precedent in deciding the issue of:

• segregation in schools.

• separate but equal schools.

• free speech in schools.

• illegal searches in schools.

Following the 1966 Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona, police began informing people placed under arrest that they "have the right to remain silent." What basic freedom is this meant to protect, and how does it affect arrested individuals?

• The right to freedom of speech; it provides them with the ability to speak to their attorneys without fear of incrimination.

• The protection against self-incrimination; it informs them that speaking to law enforcement could incriminate them.

• The protection of due process; it prevents convicted offenders from receiving cruel and unusual punishments.

• The right to freedom of assembly; it prevents law enforcement from asking them questions without the presence of an attorney.

Which of the following established the principle of judicial review?

• Article III of the U.S. Constitution

• Judiciary Act of 1789

• Marbury v. Madison

• Worcester v. Georgia

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that the Florida Supreme Court's plan for recounting ballots violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

• Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

• Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

• U.S. v. Nixon (1974)

• Bush v. Gore (2000)

The Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson reflected Americans’ approval of

• integration.

• relocation centers.

• segregation.

• woman suffrage.

Which of the following actions comes from the Supreme Court decision In re Gault?

• Evidence cannot be presented in a court of law if obtained by police in an unlawful search

• States must provide minors accused of crimes with most of the same "due process" rights given to adults

• Suspects must be informed of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights prior to police interrogation

• A person accused of a felony who is unable to afford an attorney is entitled to have one provided by court

What happened in American schools after the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education?

• States could continue segregation as long as facilities were separate but equal.

• Individuals of different races voluntarily stopped all forms of school segregation.

• The federal government ordered that states desegregate classes.

• Desegregation was ordered for only high schools.

In which U.S. Supreme Court decision did Chief Justice John Marshall establish the power of the Court to invalidate a "law repugnant to [in conflict with] the Constitution?

• Bush v. Gore

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Miranda v. Arizona

• Marbury v. Madison

What lesson did state courts learn from the 1963 U.S. Supreme Court case of Gideon v. Wainwright?

• Minors are entitled to many of the same "due process" rights as adults

• Evidence cannot be presented in a court trial if obtained by police in an unlawful search

• Suspects must be informed of their 5th and 6th amendment rights prior to police interrogation

• A person accused of a felony who cannot afford an attorney is entitled to have one appointed by the court