Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

each one with one new strand and one original strand

each one with two original strands

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

If a DNA molecule is 18% Guanine which of the following is correct

18% cytosine, 32% adenine, 32% thymine

32% cytosine, 18% adenine, 32% thymine

18% cytosine, 64% adenine, 64% thymine

32% cytosine, 32% adenine, 18% thymine

Which of the following best describes a promoter?

A specific target sequence to which RNA polymerase binds

an element that promotes termination of transcription

a regulatory protein that accelerates mRNA turnover.

an extracellular environmental inducer that controls genes expression.

How does transcription begin?

When RNA polymerase binds to a sigma to create a holoenzyme and the sigma guides the RNA polymerase to certain locations where transcription should begin

Introns leave and the full sequence is then transcribed

The non-template strand signals to the binding receptor that a phospodiester bond is present and ready for action

The RNA polymerase binds to a coding strand located downstream

A section of DNA is shown. When replication occurs, if this molecule is being unzipped from left to right, which strand will be the leading strand, and why?

The bottom strand, because DNA polymerase “reads” the template strand in a 3’-> 5’ direction making the new strand 5’-> 3’.

The top strand, because DNA polymerase “reads” the template strand in a 5’ -> 3’ direction forming the new strand in a 3’->5’ direction.

The top strand, because DNA polymerase replicate the template strand in a continuous 5’-> 3’ direction

The bottom strand, because the leading strand is always replicated in a 5’ ->3’ direction and the lagging strand is always replicated 3’ -> 5’.

Which one of the following is true of tRNAs?

Each tRNA binds a particular amino acid.

tRNAs carry special sequences known as codons.

What is the function of RNA polymerase?

It unwinds the double helix and adds nucleotides to a growing strand of RNA.

It relies on other enzymes to unwind the double helix.

It adds nucleotides to the 5' end of the growing mRNA molecule.

It proceeds slowly along the DNA strand, requiring about a minute to add two nucleotides to the growing mRNA molecule.

What is the correct sequence of steps for transcription in a Eukaryote?

Initiation, Elongation, and Termination

Initiation, Elimination, and Termination

Elongation, Initiation, and Termination

There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that

the rules for base pairing between the third base of a codon and tRNA are flexible.

many codons are never used, so the tRNAs that recognize them are dispensable.

some tRNAs have anticodons that recognize four or more different codons.

competitive exclusion forces some tRNAs to be destroyed by nucleases.

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

3' to 5' along the template strand

5' to 3' along the double-stranded DNA

5' to 3' along whichever strand it's on

5' to 3' along the template strand

Which of the following statements is true about protein synthesis in prokaryotes?

Translation can begin while transcription is still in progress.

Extensive RNA processing is required before prokaryotic transcripts can be translated.

Prokaryotic cells have complicated mechanisms for targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular organelles.

Translation requires antibiotic activity.

Unit 6 AP Bio Test Review

Authored by Chelsea Elkins

Biology

10th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 3K+ times

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About

This quiz comprehensively covers molecular biology fundamentals at the Advanced Placement Biology level, appropriate for grades 11-12. The questions assess three core processes: DNA replication, transcription, and translation, along with DNA structure and mutations. Students need to understand the specific roles of enzymes like helicase, ligase, and DNA polymerase in replication, the directional nature of DNA synthesis (5' to 3'), and the semiconservative model of replication. For transcription, they must grasp how RNA polymerase functions, the role of promoters in initiation, and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription processes. Translation concepts include tRNA function, codon-anticodon pairing, and the flexibility of the genetic code. Students also need to apply Chargaff's rules for base pairing, understand complementary base pairing in both DNA and RNA, and recognize different types of mutations. The quiz requires both factual knowledge and the ability to apply these concepts to analyze DNA sequences and predict outcomes of molecular processes. Created by Chelsea Elkins, a Biology teacher in the US who teaches grades 10-12. This quiz serves as an excellent review tool for Unit 6 of AP Biology, specifically targeting the molecular basis of inheritance. Teachers can utilize this assessment for multiple instructional purposes: as a comprehensive review before the AP exam, a formative assessment to identify knowledge gaps, or as homework to reinforce classroom learning. The variety of question formats, from basic enzyme identification to complex sequence analysis, allows for differentiated assessment of student understanding. This quiz aligns with AP Biology standards covering DNA replication mechanisms, gene expression processes, and molecular genetics principles, supporting students in mastering the intricate details of cellular information processing that are essential for success on the AP Biology examination.

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32 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Enzyme that unwinds the DNA

ligase

DNA Polymerase

primase

helicase

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Seals the Okazaki fragments together

DNA Polymerase

ligase

helicase

primase

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Adds nucleotides to the newly synthesized strand of DNA

DNA polymerase I

DNA polymerase III

Primase

Ligase

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind

ligase

DNA polymerase I

primase

helicase

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

removes the RNA primer and adds DNA nucleotides to fill in the gap

DNA polymerase III

ligase

primase

DNA polymerase I

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

direction new nucleotides are synthesized on the new strand

5^' to 3' (new nucleotides added to the 3' end)

3' to 5' (new nucleotides added to the 5' end)

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

repetitive sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes (TTAGGG)

telomeres

telomerase

Okazaki fragments

primer

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Unit 6 AP Bio Test Review

Enzyme that unwinds the DNA

Seals the Okazaki fragments together

Adds nucleotides to the newly synthesized strand of DNA

synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind

removes the RNA primer and adds DNA nucleotides to fill in the gap

direction new nucleotides are synthesized on the new strand

repetitive sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes (TTAGGG)

Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of

Guanine bonds with ______________.

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