If two black (Bb) cats mate, what percentage of their kittens will probably have black hair?

• A. 25%

• B. 50%

• C. 100%

• D. 75%

Two parents have the trait for dark hair. They pass this trait on to their offspring. This passing of traits from parents to offspring is known as _____________________.

• A. Probability

• B. Recessive

• C. Meiosis

• D. Heredity

A dog breeder allows only certain dogs to breed over several generations in order to produce offspring that have certain traits. Which of the following processes is responsible for the desirable traits present in the offspring?

• A. Natural selection

• B. Selective breeding

• C. A mutation

• D. Genetic engineering

• A. Tall plants only

• B. Short plants only

• C. Half tall plants and half short plants

• D. Tall, short, and medium plants

• A. T T

• B. t t

• C. T t

• D. Both T T and t t

The allele for long nose in dogs is N and the allele for short nose is n. Could two dogs with long noses be the parents of a dog with short nose?

• A. No; one of the parents would have to have a short nose

• B. No; both of the parents would have to have short noses

• C. Yes; this could happen if the parents’ parents had long noses

• D. Yes; this could happen if both parents had recessive genes for short noses

Which is MOST likely the purpose of selectively breeding work horses on a farm?

• A. To breed a horse that produces less offspring than other horses

• B. To breed a horse that is stronger than other horses

• C. To breed a horse smaller than other horses

• D. To breed a horse that is weaker than other horses

Frogs reproduce by sexual reproduction. A frog can lay dozens of eggs at one time. These eggs cells are created through a process known as ____________________.

• A. mitosis

• B. meiosis

• C. respiration

• D. Photosynthesis

Staphylococcus is a type of bacteria that lives and reproduces inside other organisms. It can be both beneficial and harmful to its host organism. Staphylococcus bacteria reproduce through a process called binary fission. One cell splits, forming two new cells that are genetically identical to the parents. This process is known as ______________.

• A. Sexual reproduction

• B. Asexual reproduction

• C. fermentation

• D. Natural selection

Mammals reproduce using sexual reproduction. It takes two (2) parents to produce an offspring. What can you infer about the number of chromosomes in each reproductive cell?

• A. Each cell has half the number of chromosomes as the body’s cells

• B. Each cell has the same number of chromosomes as the body’s cells

• C. Each cell has more than twice the number of chromosomes as the body’s cells

• D. Each cell has exactly twice the number of chromosome as the body’s cells