Social Impact of Industrialism (13.2)

For what did the early labor unions first bargain on behalf of their members?

• better pay and working conditions.

• better pay and working conditions.

• better pay and longer working hours.

• workers’ compensation and a six day work week

What British philosopher and economist advocated utilitarianism?

• Robert Owen

• Karl Marx

• Jeremy Bentham

• Adam Smith

What social reformer advocated for a utopian society?

• Robert Owen

• Robert Fulton

• Joseph Engeles

• John Wesley

Adam Smith defined the free market as an economic system in which

• entrepreneurs cooperate to set wages and prices.

• workers control the means of production.

• the government regulates prices to benefit all.

• the market functions with little or no government interference.

Which statement best describes child labor during the early years of the Industrial Revolution?

• Mines and textile factories employed large numbers of children.

• Laws kept children from working in dangerous mines and factories.

• Most child laborers spent part of each day in school.

• Child labor did not exist before the Industrial Revolution.

According to Marx, what would be the main characteristic of communism?

• an economy in which private individuals owned the means of production

• a classless society in which wealth and power were equally shared

• a community in which work was shared and property was owned in

  common

• a society in which the economy functioned without government

  interference

The main focus of utilitarianism was

• providing help for the working class at the expense of the middle class.

• preserving the privileges of the upper classes.

• ensuring the greatest happiness through individual freedom for all

  classes.

• ensuring benefits for the growing middle class.

During the Industrial Revolution, how did economics drive political change?

• The Luddites caused economic damage, which made authorities deprive workers of the vote.

• Wealthy entrepreneurs entered the upper class and became members of Parliament.

• The working class lost political power as they sought jobs in cities where they had no influence.

• The growing middle class demanded more democracy, so voting rights gradually expanded.

Which of the following statements about population trends during the Industrial Revolution is most accurate?

• People left cities to move to farms because of improvements in farming.

• Towns built near coal and iron mines suffered a loss of population as

  workers left for factory jobs.

• Demand for labor in factories was one cause of the population shift toward urban areas.

• Population decreased during early industrialization because of unsafe working conditions.

What movement was started by John Wesley to help give comfort to the poor working-class?

• the Salvation Army

• Methodism

• the Red Cross

• Social Darwinism