Chapter 18 Section 1

Which two types of leaders controlled most of European society at this time?

• popes and bishops

• kings and knights

• kings and popes

• lords and vassals

Which of the following was NOT one of the most powerful countries in Europe?

• Russia

• England

• Holy Roman Empire

• France

Why did Pope Gregory VII excommunicate Emperor Henry IV?

• Henry declared war on the Holy Roman Empire

• Henry refused forgiveness from the pope

• Henry would not obey church laws

• Henry called on bishops to remove Gregory as pope

Why did the Pope have such great power in Western Europe?

• People believed he was descended from Jesus

• People believed he was more important than kings

• People were afraid of the Pope

• Because most Europeans at the time belonged to the Christian Church

What church did the bishop of Constantinople create after he was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX?

• Baptist Church

• Eastern Orthodox Church

• Lutheran Church

• Roman Catholic Church